Acid/Base Flashcards
1
Q
What does a negative urine anion gap usually indicate?
A
neGUTive (loss of bicarb from the gut)
Positive is usually RTA (impaired renal acidification)
2
Q
What is the equation for osmolar gap?
A
Measured posm - calculated posm, where:
plasma osmolarity = 2(Na) +glucose/18 +BUN/2.8
3
Q
What are the causes of an increased osmolar gap?
A
ethanol, ethylene glycol, methanol, acetone, isopropyl ethanol and propylene glycol.
4
Q
What is the delta ration?
A
d(anion gap) / d(HCO3)
5
Q
What does a value of less than 1 for a delta ratio indicate? More than 2?
A
Less than 1 = There is a simultaneous normal anion gap acidosis
More than 2 = simultaneous metabolic alkalosis present or a compensated chronic respiratory acidosis.
