ATI: Oxygen Therapy Flashcards
What is oxygen?
oxygen is used to maintain adequate cellular oxygenation of many acute and chronic respiratory problems
What are common treatment methods for children who have respiratory issue ( acute or chronic)
nebulized aerosol therapy, metered- dose inhaler (MDI), Dry powder inhaler, chest physiotherapy, oxygen therapy, suctioning and artificial airway
Nebulized aerosol therapy
breaks up medication into minute particles that are then dispersed throughout the resp tract
Metered Dose Inhaler or dry powder inhaler
handheld devices that allow children to self- adminster meds on an intermittent basis
Complication of oxygen therapy ( Improper use)
Inhalation is too rapid
inability to coordinate inhalation with spray
not holding breath for adequate period
How does fungal infections occur with Medication use?
oral cavity can occur with corticosteroid use
- assist pt with rinsing their mouth
Why is chest physiotherapy used ?
it is used for thick secretion with the inability to clear the airway
What are contraindication of chest physiotherapy
decreased cardiac reserves, pulmonary embolism, or increased intracranial pressure
Apical section of the upper lobe
Fowlers position
the posterior section of the upper lobe
sitting postiton with the child leaning forward curled over pillows
anterior segment of both upper lobe
supine and rotated slightly away from side being drained
superior segments of both lower lobes
prone with hips elevated on pillows
What is oxygen therapy ?
oxygen therapy increases concetration of the air being breahte
What is oxygen toxicity ?
oxygen that can result from high concentrations of oxygen, long duration of oxygen therapy and the childs degree of lungs disease.
What are the manifestations of oxygen toxicity?
non-productive cough, substernal pain,nasal stuffiness,n/v, fatigue, headache, sore throat and hypoventilation
What is an artificial airway?
a tracheotomy is a sterile surgical incison into the trachea through the skin and muscles for the purpose of establishing an airway.
What is accidental decannulation?
occurs in the first 72 hours after surgery which is an emergency because the tracheostomy tract has not matured
What are some acute and infectious illnesses prevalent in children?
tonsillitis,
nasopharyngitis.
croup syndrome. bacterial tracheitis, bronchitis,bronchiolitis, allergic rhinitis and pmeumonia
function of the tonsils
helps protect against infections, because foreign material enters the mouth
Which tonsils are removed during tonsillectomy
palatine tonsils ( located on both sides of the oropharynx
which tonsils are removed during adenoidectomy
pharyngeal tonsils
infants at what age are at increased risk for for common respiratory illnesses
3 and 6 months, due to decrease of maternal antibodies acquired at birth
what is nasopharyngitis
also known as common cold that lasts 4 to 10 days
what are the expected findings of nasopharyngitis?
nasal inflammation, dryness, fever , decreased appetite and restlessness
What is Acute streptococcal pharyngitis
infection of the upper airway( Strep throat)
characterized by pharyngitis, headache, fever and abdominal pain
What is bronchitis
upper resp infection of the large airways
- persistent dry , hacking cough as a result of inflammatiion
- resolves in 5 to 10 days
what is allergic rhinitis?
caused by seasonal allergens most often in the autumn or spring
expected finding: watery rhinorrhea , itchiness of the eyes pharynx, conjunctiva,
snoring,fatigue, poor school performance
pneumothorax
accumulation of air in the pleural spaces
manifestation: Dyspena, chest pain , back pain, labored resp, decrease o2
pleural effusion
accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
Nursing action: prepare the client for an emergent needle apirtation to remove the fluid in the pleural space, with insertion of a chest tube to close drainaige
when do infants’ posterior fontanels close?
6-8 weeks
When do infants anterior fontanels closes?
12-18 months
What does head circumference determine
brain growth
