ati infection control/ isolation Flashcards
chain of infection
- sequence of necessary pieces for in infection to occur
- includes an infectious agent, reservior, portal of exit, mode of trasmission, portal of entry, and suceptible host
infectious agent
contains bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite, or prion
reservoir
habitat of the infectious agent and is where it lives, grows, and reproduces itself or replications
portal of entry
any body orifice (ears, nose, mouth) or can be through the skin, and it provides a place for infectious agent to replicate or for the toxin to act
portal of exit
means by which the infectious agent can leave the reservoir
susceptible host
required for the infectious agent to take hold and become a reservoir for infection. Not everyone who is exposed to an infectious agent gets sick
modes of transmission
contact
droplet
airborne
contact
occurs when microorganisms move from an infected person to another person
droplet
occurs when airborne droplets from the respiratory tract of a client travel through the air and into the mucosa of a host
airborne
occurs when small particles move into the airspace of another person
two types of contact transmission
direct and indirect
direct
when microorganisms are directly moved from the infected person to another person without having a contaminated object or person between the two
indirect
contact transmission occurs when microorganisms are moved from the infected person to another infected person with a contaminated object or person between the two
non specific immunity
refers to neutrophils and macrophages and their work as phagocytes
phagocytes
eat and destroy microorganism, thereby helping to protect the body from harm