Asthma/COPD

Question 1

Asthma
Cause

Answer 1

Immune-mediated airway inflammation

Question 2

What class of drugs treat the inflammation in asthma and COPD?

Answer 2

Glucocorticoids
End in -sone

Question 3

What drugs treat bronchoconstriction?

Answer 3

Beta agonists
Anticholinergics

Question 4

What is the ending of the names of beta agonists?

Answer 4

-rol
like albuterol

Question 5

COPD
Signs and symptoms

Answer 5

Chronic cough
Excessive sputum production
Wheezing
Dyspnea
Poor exercise tolerance

Question 6

Symptoms of COPD largely result from these 2 conditions

Answer 6

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis

Question 7

Salmeterol
Fomoterol

Class

Answer 7

Long-acting beta agonists (LABA)

Question 8

Quick acting rescue drug for asthma (SABA)

Answer 8

albuterol

Question 9

Ipratropium
Tiotropium

Class

Answer 9

Anticholinergic bronchodilators

Question 10

Glucocorticoids
Route of administration

Answer 10

Inhalation
IV
PO (second-line, more systemic adverse effects)

Question 11

Glucocorticoids (e.g. prednisone)
PO
Long-term adverse effects

Answer 11

Adrenal suppression (need to taper before stopping, need to give “stress doses” such as surgery or hemorrhage)
Growth suppression in children
Osteoporosis
Hyperglycemia
Peptic ulcer disease

Question 12

Montelukast [Singulair]
Class
Use

Answer 12

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist

Second-line or adjunct anti-inflammatory for asthma

Question 13

Montelukast [Singulair]
Adverse effect

Answer 13

Risk of neuropsychiatric effects - depression, suicidality

Question 14

For asthma what drugs should the patient be on?

Answer 14

SABA and glucocortitoid

Question 15

Beta agonists
Adverse effects

Answer 15

Tachycardia (beta 1)
Angina (beta 1)
Tremor (beta 2 effect)

Question 16

Ipratropium
Inhaled preparations-
Adverse effects

Answer 16

Dry mouth and throat
Anticholinergic
(Contraindicated in glaucoma)
Cardiovascular events

Question 17

Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair)
Class

Answer 17

Glucocorticoid/LABA combo

Question 18

When is Advair Fluticason/salmeterol (Advair) indicated?

Answer 18

-Severe, persistent asthma
-Not recommended for initial therapy
-Used when albuterol and glucocorticoids are not enough

Question 19

Drugs for acute asthma attack

Answer 19

Oxygen
IV glucocorticoid and fluids
Nebulized high-dose albuterol
Nebulized ipratropium

Intubation sometimes necessary

Question 20

Exercise-induced asthma treatment

Answer 20

Albuterol immediately before exercise

Question 21

Drugs for COPD

Answer 21

SABA and LABA
Glucocorticoids
Oxygen

Question 22

Which drugs can cause fungal infections of the mouth?

Answer 22

Inhaled glucocorticoids