Assessment of 2nd Trimester

Question 1

What is dolichocephalic?

Answer 1

Elongated head shape, CI is less than 70%

Question 2

What is brachycephalic?

Answer 2

A round shape to the fetal cranium, when the CI greater than 85%

Question 3

What does the ductus venosus turn into following birth?

Answer 3

Ligamentum venosum

Question 4

What landmarks are seen when measuring the BPD?

Answer 4

Falx cerebri
Third ventricle
Thalamic nuclei
Cavum septum pellucidi

Question 5

How do you get the Cephalic Index?

Answer 5

cephalic index (CI) = biparietal diameter (BPD)/occipitofrontal diameter (OFD) x 100

Question 6

AFP, in pregnancy, is produced by which part of the pregnancy?

Answer 6

Fetus

Question 7

What echogenicity should the myometrium be in comparison to the normal placenta?

Answer 7

Want myometrium to appear hypoechoic

Question 8

Nuchal fold thickening is associated with which fetal abnormality?

Answer 8

Aneuploidy

Question 9

When should the kidneys be identified?

Answer 9

By 12-13 weeks, consistently by 18-20 wks

Question 10

When does long bone ossification begin?

Answer 10

11 gestational weeks

Question 11

Ossification of the spine should be completed by which week?

Answer 11

18 weeks

Question 12

After 16 weeks, baby is a pro at supplying what?

Answer 12

Amniotic fluid

Question 13

What is normal cervix size?

Answer 13

2.5 - 4.0cmI

Question 14

In the umbilical cord, the umbilical vein enters which other vein?

Answer 14

Left portal vein

Question 15

In the umbilical cord, the umbilical arteries arise from which other arteries?

Answer 15

Internal iliac arteries (hypogastric arteries)

Question 16

What is the resistance for the umbilical vein a) near placenta and b) near fetal insertion?

Answer 16

Continuous low flow throughout systole and diastole

Question 17

What is the resistance for the umbilical arteries a) near placenta and b) near fetal insertion?

Answer 17

a) high resistance
b) low resistance

Question 18

Which position of the fetal heart is located closest to the spine?

Answer 18

LA (left atrium)

Question 19

In late 2nd trimester- posterior diameter of the normal renal pelvis should not exceed how many millimeters?

Answer 19

4mm

Question 20

After 33wks gest. age, how much can the renal pelvis measure up to for posterior diameter?

Answer 20

7mm

Question 21

What are some possible causes for an elevated measurement of MSAFP?

Answer 21

• abdo wall defect
• x2 babies
• open neutral tube
• fetal demise
• fetal maternal hemorrhage

(think of things leaking out)

Question 22

Ossification of the cranium begins at which gest. week?

Answer 22

9th

Question 23

When does the fetus become a major producer of amniotic fluid?

Answer 23

EARLY 2nd trimester