Assessment and Critique Flashcards
What is the Purpose of Assessment?
- Allows the instructor to identify student deficiencies
- Provides feedback to the student
- Develops aeronautical decision making (ADM) and judgement skills
What are the eight General Characteristics of Effective Assessment?
Objective - Honest without personal feelings or bias
Flexible - Must fit the particular student/situation
Acceptable - Student must accept the instructor before they will accept the critique
Comprehensive - Covers both the strengths and the weaknesses of the most pertinent points
Constructive - Criticism must be constructive not negative
Organized - In a way that can be followed and understood
Thoughtful - Always consider the student’s feelings, criticize only in private conversation
Specific - So that the student has no doubt of details, performance or instructions
What are the four types of Assessments?
Traditional Assessments - Usually written
Authentic Assessments - Student is asked to perform, the FAA Practical Test Standards (PTS) is an example
Collaborative Assessments - Series of open-ended questions
Oral Assessments - Oral questioning or quizzing
What is a Traditional Assessment?
A Traditional Assessment generally refers to written testing such as:
- Multiple choice
- Matching
- True/False
- Short Answer
- Essays
What are the two Types of Written Tests (Traditional Assessment)?
Supply Type - The student supplies the entire answer, these are difficult to score objectively, like an essay
Selection Type - The instructor supplies the answer options, can be graded quickly and objectively, like true/false or multiple choice
What are the six Characteristics of a good Written Test (Traditional Assessment)?
Reliability - Yields consistent results
Validity - Measures what it is supposed to measure
Usability - Easy to give and easily graded
Objectivity - Will different graders give similar scores? Essays are hard to make objective
Comprehensiveness - Must completely sample the objectives being measured
Discrimination - Detects small differences in achievement of students
What is an Authentic Assessment?
A type of Assessment in which the student is asked to perform real world tasks. Students must generate responses from skills and concepts they have learned. The FAA Practical Test Standards (PTS) is an example of an Authentic Assessment
What are the Characteristics of an Authentic Assessment, specifically, the FAA Practical Test Standards (PTS)?
- Performance testing is desirable for training that involves operations and procedures
- Uses tasks to demonstrate competency
- Instructor is responsible for training to the “acceptable” standards of the PTS
- Examiner will ask “knowledge” as well as “knowledge and skill” questions
- Applicant must meet PTS in all required tasks to pass
What is a Collaborative Assessment?
Also known as a “Collaborative Critique”, it involves asking a four-step series of questions:
- Replay
- Reconstruct
- Reflect
- Redirect
What are the four steps in a Collaborative Assessment?
- Replay (verbal replay of lesson, differences in perceptions are discussed)
- Reconstruct (encourage student to identify what they could have done differently)
- Reflect (insights come from placing meaning on experience and perceptions, requiring reflection)
- Redirect (Student relates lesson to other experiences and how they might help future lessons)
What is an Oral Assessment?
Oral questioning is the most common means of assessment, proper oral quizzing is effective and can have many positive results
What are some of the Positive Results of Oral Quizzing?
- Reveals the effectiveness of the instructor’s training methods
- Checks student retention of what has been learned
- Reviews material
- Can be used to stimulate thinking or retain interest
- Emphasizes the important points of training
- Identifies points that need more emphasis
- Checks student comprehension of what has been learned
- Promotes active student participation
What are four ways of Responding to Student Questions?
- You need to understand the question clearly before answering
- Your answer should be direct and as accurate as possible
- If the question is beyond the student’s current stage of training let them know it is a good question and you can talk about it after class or at a later date/lesson
- If you don’t know the answer tell the student so then look it up together or find out and get back to them
What are the five Characteristics of Effective Questions?
Questions should:
- Apply to the subject of instruction
- Be brief and concise, cut clear and definite
- Be adapted o the ability, experience and progress of the student
- Center on one idea with one correct answer
- Present a challenge to a student
What are six types of Questions to Avoid?
Puzzle questions Over-sized questions Toss-up questions Bewildering questions Trick questions Irrelevant questons
