Asses Bases and pH Flashcards
Are water molecules polar or nonpolar
Polar (it has a positively and negatively charged side)
Which region of water is positive? Which is negative
Positive = Hydrogen regions
Negative = Oxygen region
Where does the hydrogen bond form in water molecules?
Between the oxygen atom of one molecule with the H+ atom of another molecule
What happens when NaCl is added to water?
Na+ is attracted to O-
Cl- is attracted to H_
True or false: water is highly soluble and can act as a solvent for ionic or polar substancecs
True
True or false: water has a low heat cacpacity
False; water has a high heat capacity and can absorb a lot of energy with only a small increase in temp.
What is Molarity?
Measures concentration in moles per liter or grams per l
mol/l) or (g/l
What is dissociation?`
When compounds dissolved in water separate
Acids are a proton _________. (donor or acceptor)
Donor
Bases are a proton ________. (donor or acceptor)
Acceptor
What do acids dissociate into?
Hydrogen ions (H+) and anions
HCl »_space; Cl- + H+
What do bases dissociate into?
Hydroxide ions (OH-) and cations
NaOH»_space; OH- + Na+
A ________ reaction happens when an acid and base are mixed
Neutralization
True or false: salts dissociate into ions and therefore contain hydrogen ions
False; salts do not contain H+ ions but will still dissociate when dissolved
True or false: salts carry an electric current
True
What is the difference between a strong and weak acid?
Strong acid: completely dissociates in water
Weak acid: does not or only partially dissociates in water
High pH = high _________ concentration
Hydroxide (OH-)
Low pH = low __________ concentration
Hydrogen (H+)
pH = 1M solution of ________.
(HCL or NaOH) ?
HCL
pH 14 = 1M solution of __________.
(HCL or NaOH)?
NaOH
pH of 5 is _____ times more acidic than pH of 6
10 times
What adjusts pH of a solution and helps to maintain homeostatsis?
Buffers
What pH is considered acidosis?
pH below 7.35
What pH is considered alkalosis?
pH above 7.45
In the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system:
carbonic acid (H2CO3) acts as a _______ ________
and bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) acts as a ______ _______.
H2CO3 = weak acid
HCO3- = weak base
What does pH measure?
H+ ion concentration
pH = power of Hydrogen
Hyperventilation leads to respiratory __________
Alkalosis
Partial pressure of CO2 is inversely proportional to pH
Hypoventilation leads to respiratory ___________.
Acidosis
Partial pressure of CO2 is inversely proportional to pH
