Asia During European Expansion Flashcards
Only what could break into Indian Ocean trade system
Military force
Europeans were mad because Asia was
Already Muslim and already trading
Asian sea trading
3 zones
Arab zones
Raw material
India zone
Cotton textiles
China zone
Paper porcelain and silks
Europeans took 3 crucial trade points
Mouths of Red Sea
Persian Gulf
Straits of Malacca (Dutch)
Who controls Asian trade
No central control
Europeans had a lack of what
Trading goods
Ormuz and Goa
Portuguese factory/fortified trading town; forcible entry into Asian sea trade network
Factories
European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; assured secure landing places and commerce
Portugal couldn’t sustain what
Monopoly on trade
Asia wanted what from Europe
Silver
Portugal took what that was their downfall
To big of area
Who took over Portuguese trade in Asia
Dutch
Batavia
Dutch fortress on island of Java
English in
India
Dutch had monopoly on what
Spice trade; limited goods; Indonesia
Inland territory to Europeans
Couldn’t conquer
Luzon
N island in Philippines that Spain conquered and converted
Mindanao
S island of Philippines; Muslim kingdom so Spain couldn’t conquer
Most important spice
Cinnamon
Francis Xavier
Spanish Jesuit
Tried to convert low caste
Little headway with elites
Robert Di Nobili
Italian Jesuit
Tried to convert elites
Mission eventually failed
Christianity was a great success where
N Philippines but blended
Hongwu
Also known as Zhu Yuanzhang; founder of Ming; originally a peasant; drive out Mongols to N of Great Wall;
Abolished chief minister; improved lives of peasants; limits eunuchs power
Role of civil service exam
Big role in determining status
Punishment for corrupt bureaucrats
Public beatings
Where could emperors wives only come from
Humble families
Who didn’t have many rights
Women and students
Imported crops
From America
Macao and canton
2 ports Europeans were allowed to trade at in China
What did merchants do with their money
Bought land instead of putting it back into trade
Matteo Ricci and Adam Schall
Jesuit scholars in Ming court
Won few converts to Christianity
Help to peasants
Tax free land worked
Lowered forced labor
Promoted cottage industries
What goes away and what becomes important in regards to currency
Paper money
Silver
Ming dynasty culture
Patrons to arts
Woodblock printing
Made it easier to make novels
Emperor Yungle
2nd Ming emperor
Spent money to stop who
Nomads
Nobunago
Daimyo; use of firearms; disposes of ashikaga shogunate; killed; protects Jesuits to counter Buddhist power
Tokugawa Leyasu
Emerges victorious, appointed shogun, Edo (Tokyo), restoration of unity, neoconfucian revival replaced by national learning school
Tokugawa shogunate ruled for how long
250 years
Europeans traded what for what in Japan
Firearms and clock presses
Silver copper and finished goods
Europeans relationship with China and Japan
Middle men
Hideyoshi
Next shogun; less tolerant; Buddhist now weak and Christians were threat
Afraid of what
European take over
Closed ports to who
Europeans except Dutch at Nagasaki
Caravel
Slender long-hulled vessels utilized by Portuguese
