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Patient Care > Aseptic Techniques > Flashcards

Aseptic Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

What is aspesis?

A

Freedom from infectious material

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2
Q

What is medical asepsis?

A

Reduction in the number of microorganisms

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3
Q

What is the single most important component of medical asepsis?

A

Handwashing

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4
Q

What is surgical asepsis?

A

Microorganisms have been completely removed or destroyed from the equipment and environment by means of sterilization

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5
Q

When should medical asepsis be practiced?

A

Always

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6
Q

When should surgical asepsis be followed?

A

For invasive procedures

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7
Q

What are the aseptic techniques that radiographers should adhere to?

A
  • Sterile draping
  • Sterile packs
  • Sterile scrubbing
  • Sterile gowning and gloving
  • Sterile procedures
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8
Q

What is a sterile field?

A

The area is free of all microorganisms

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9
Q

How is a sterile field established?

A

Using sterile draping

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10
Q

What is a sterile drape?

A

A sterile packaged drop cloth that isolates an area from contamination

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11
Q

What does a sterile drape cover?

A

A surface

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12
Q

What are general rules for sterile draping?

A
  • Only use drapes within expiration
  • Only use sealed packages
  • Open packages adhering to sterile techniques
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13
Q

What happens if a sterile drape becomes wet?

A

It becomes unsterile

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14
Q

How are sterile drapes opened?

A

Away from the person opening it

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15
Q

Once opened what is done with a sterile drape?

A

Its gently dropped onto the sterile field from about 6 inches above the field at a slight angle

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16
Q

What are sterile packs?

A

Packages that are commercially prepared for a specific procedure that will contain the necessary sterile items

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17
Q

What may be in a Sterile pack?

A

Gauze, syringes, forceps, basins, and items that will be routinely used

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18
Q

What are types of sterile packs?

A
  • OR sterile packs
  • Minor procedure packs
  • Special procedure packs
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19
Q

How is a sterile pack opened?

A
  1. Hold the pack in the left hand
  2. Unfold one corner of the wrap at a time and secure each corner in the palm once opened
  3. Hold the final corner with the right hand to completely cover the hand with the wrap
  4. Once pack is fully exposed, set it on the sterile field
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20
Q

What is surgical scrubbing?

A

The thorough cleaning of the hands and forearms before sterile gloving

21
Q

What are two types of sterile scrubs?

A
  • Numbered stroke method scrub
  • Timed scrub
22
Q

What is the minimum amount of time a surgical scrub should be done?

A

5 minutes- 2.5 minutes per hand

23
Q

What scrubbing techniques should be applied when surgical scrubbing?

A
  • Hands should be inspected for breaks in the skin
  • Masks and surgical cap put on before scrubbing
24
Q

What forms of cleaning solutions should be used for surgical scrubbing?

A
  1. Liquid or foam soaps
  2. Impregnated scrub brushes or sponges
  3. Brush-free surgical scrub
25
Q

What are the most common products for surgical scrubs?

A

Liquid or foam soaps that are used in conjunction with water and dry scrub brushes/sponges

26
Q

What is the most common antimicrobial agent in soaps?

A

CHG (chlorhexidine gluconate), iodopher or PCMX (parachlorometaxylenol)

27
Q

What is a common component of antimicrobial agents?

A

They are very drying and with repeated scrubbing can cause skin damage

28
Q

What are impregnated scrub brushes/sponges?

A

Scrub brushes/sponges that are preloaded with CHG, iodophor or PCMX and are water-aided

29
Q

What aseptic techniques should non-scrubbed personnel follow during surgical procedures?

A
  • remove rings, watches and bracelets
  • wear long sleeved clean scrub suit
  • wear clean surgical cap or hood that covers hair
  • wear closed shoes
  • wear masks covering mouth and nose
  • Stay at the periphery of the OT
30
Q

What is the surgical scrub procedure?

A
  • Make sure all cleaning supplies are available
  • remove all jewelry, including watches
  • Wash hands and arms with antiseptic soap
  • Scrub the side of each finger, between the fingers and back and front of hand for 3 minutes
  • Scrub the arm with the hands higher than the elbows 3 inches for 1 minutes
  • Repeat the process on the other hand and arm
  • Dry hands with sterile towel
31
Q

What is the order the hands should be washed as part of the surgical scrub procedure?

A
  1. Palm to palm
  2. Right palm over the left dorsum and left palm over the right dorsum
  3. Palm to palm fingers interlaced
  4. Backs of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked
  5. Rotational rubbing of right thumb clasped in left and vice versa
  6. Rotational rubbing, backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in left palm and vice versa
32
Q

When is surgical gowning and gloving done?

A

After surgical scrubbing

33
Q

What are two methods of gowning?

A
  • Self gowning
  • Gowning another
34
Q

What are two methods of gloving?

A
  • Self gloving
  • Gloving another
35
Q

What do sterile gowning and gloving focus on?

A

Surgical asepsis

36
Q

How is self gowning done?

A
  1. Dry hands
  2. Pick up gown
  3. Let gown unfold
  4. Open to locate sleeve/arm holes
  5. Slip arms into sleeves
  6. Hold arms out and slightly up
  7. have circulator pull gown on
37
Q

What are the two methods for self gloving?

A

Open and closed gloving method

38
Q

What are the open gloving method steps?

A
  • Grab one glove by the unsterile cuff, open it up and pull it on the hand by pulling the cuff
  • Grab the second glove by the sterile fingers and slip onto hand
  • Put sterile hand on sterile side of the cuff and unfurl down second hand
39
Q

What are the closed gloving method steps?

A
  • Grab one glove with hand inside sleeve of sterile gown
  • Spread the glove over the entire hand and pull the sleeve to get the glove over the fingers
  • Repeat steps above on second hand only touching sterile parts
40
Q

What are the principles of sterile techniques?

A
  • Only sterile items are used in the sterile fields
  • Sterile fields must be continually monitored
  • Sterile field created as close to the time of use as possible
  • Sterile person should avoid unsterile items
  • Anything below the level of the table or waist is considered unsteril
41
Q

If the sterility of an object is in doubt what should be done?

A

It should be considered unsterile and removed, replaced or covered

42
Q

What part of the gown are considered sterile?

A

One the sleeves and front from the waist up

43
Q

What part of the gown are considered unsterile?

A

Back of the gown and area below the waist

44
Q

How must persons in sterile gowns pass each other?

A

Back to back

45
Q

What does the sterile field include?

A

The patient, table, anything covered with a sterile drape and personnel wearing sterile attire

46
Q

What is the sterile corridor?

A

The area in the OR between the patient drape and the instrument area

47
Q

What should be avoided in the sterile area?

A

Passing anything over a sterile corridor

48
Q

What are some sterile responsibilities of a radiographer?

A
  • Sterile dressing changes
  • Tracheotomies
  • Chest tubes
  • Urinary catheters
  • IV and IA lines
  • Pacemakers
  • Operating room radiography
49
Q
A

Patient Care (9 decks)

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