ASA 101 Review Questions Flashcards
Always be aware of the wind’s ___ and ___
speed, direction
The desirable force generated by the wind moving across a sail is called _____.
lift
The direction relative to the wind in which the sailboat cannot sail is call the ____ _____ ____.
no-sail zone
Sailboats can reach an upwind destination by sailing a ______ course.
zigzag
The point of sail at the edge of the no-sail zone is called _____ ______.
close-hauled
A boat sailing across the wind is said to be _____.
reaching
Sailing straight downwind is called _____.
running
As the sailboat’s direction changes relative to the wind, so should the sail’s _____ to the wind be adjusted.
angle (or trim)
The combination of the true wind and the wind created by the boat’s motion (that we feel on the boat) is called ______ wind.
apparent
The ______ is an underwater fin fixed on the bottom of the sailboat that provides stability and lateral resistance.
keel
The sailboat’s direction through the water is controlled by the _____, which can be turned by means of either a ______ or a _____ ______.
rudder, tiller, steering wheel (either tiller or steering wheel can be the “helm”)
Identify: hull, deck, cockpit, transom, bow, stern, rudder, helm, stanchion, lifeline, pulpit, mast boom gooseneck, spreader, shroud, headstay, forestay, backstay, mainsail, headsail, jib, halyard, mainsheet, jibsheet, boom vang, boom topping lift, head, tack, clew, luff, leach, foot, batten, port, starboard, forward, aft, ahead, abeam, astern, windward, leeward
page 27
The mainsail should be raised when the sailboat is oriented _____ to ______.
head to wind
When turning the boat toward the wind, the sails should be ______ in.
trimmed
When turning the boat away from the wind, the sails should be _____ out.
eased
Fluttering sails are said to be _______.
luffing
The best way to steer the boat on a straight course is to look toward the _____ and pick a ______ to steer toward.
shore, landmark
When you turn the bow of the boat toward the wind you are ______ ____.
heading up
When you turn the bow of the boat away from the wind you are _____ _____.
bearing away
The “golden rule” of sail trim is: “when in _____, let it ____”
doubt, out
When the boat is stopped, pointed toward the wind with sails luffing, it is said to be _____ _____.
in irons
Match the points of sail with illustrations (page 57): in irons/no-sail zone; close-hauled, close reach, beam reach, broad reach, run.
Page 57
When the wind is blowing on the port side, the boat is said to be sailing on a _____ ____.
port tack
When the wind is blowing on the starboard side, the boat is said to be sailing on a _____ _____
starboard tack
Turning the boat so the bow passes through the wind, bringing the wind to blow onto the opposite side of the boat is called ______.
tacking
Changing tacks by turning the boat so its stern passess through the wind is called ______.
jibing
The helmsman’s commands for tacking the boat (also called “coming about”) are “_____ ______” and “____ _____”.
“Ready about” “Helm’s a-lee”
The helmsman’s command for jibing the boat are “____ to _____” and “____-_____”.
“Prepare to jibe” “Jibe-ho”
To jibe safely, it is very important to ____ the ____ in toward the centerline as the boat bears away onto a run.
trim mainsail
Sailing on a run with the mainsail and jib on opposite sides of the boat is called sailing ___-on-_____.
wing on wing
If the wind is on the same side of the boat as the mainsail while sailing downwind, the boat is said to be ____ ___ ____ ____.
sailing by the lee
The danger of sailing by the lee is the increased risk of _____.
accidental jibe
The fastest way to change the sail’s power is to change its _____ to the ______.
angle, wind
The shape of the mainsail may be changed by adjusting tension in the edges of the sail. Match the sail control (outhaul, halyard or downhaul or Cunningham, boom vang) to the edge of the sail it affects (luff, leach, foot).
you got this
The outhaul changes the depth of the _____ of the mainsail.
draft
Tightening the downhaul/Cunningham moves the draft of the mailsail _______.
forward
To get full power an optimum use out of the mainsail, _____ it until it just starts to luff, then trim the mainsail in so it just stops _____.
ease, luffing
Two ways to change the sail’s angle to the wind are: a). ______ or _____ the sail; b). ____ ____ or _____ _____.
a). ease or trim; b). head up, bear away
The tendency for the boat to head up toward the wind on its own is called ______ ______.
weather helm
The tendency for the boat to bear away from the wind on its own is called ______ ______.
lee helm
While sailing close hauled, four ways to decrease the heel of the boat are: a) move crew to _____ side of the boat; b). _____ _____ slightly, into the edge of the no-sail zone; c). _____ the main _____; d). move the _____ to leeward.
a) windward; b). head up; c). ease, sheet; d). traveler
Reducing the size of a sail so that less area is exposed to the wind is called ______.
reefing
Knots primary purpose: Bowline
Form a non-slipping loop, tie jib sheets to clew of jib
Knots primary purpose: Figure 8
Stopper knot, to keep line from slipping through a fairlead or block
Knots primary purpose: Square knot
Tie two ends of a line together
Knots primary purpose: Cleat hitch
Secure a dock line to a horn cleat
Knots primary purpose: Clove hitch
Temporary tie-up to dock piling, attach fenders to stanchion
Knots primary purpose: Round turn w/ 2 half hitches
More secure tie-up to dock piling
When you want a break from sailing, you can make the boat lie ____-______.
hove-to
You heave-to by backing the ______, easing the _____, and putting the _____ to leeward.
jib, maisail, helm (tiller)
Secures the bow of the boat to the dock
bow line
Secures the stern of the boat to the dock.
stern line
Keeps the boat from moving aft.
forward spring
Keeps the boat from moving forward.
aft spring
______ are used to protect the hull from contact with the dock or other boats.
fenders
The ideal point of sail on which to approach a mooring ball is on a _____ _____.
close reach
A sailing vessel over 23 feet in length under way at night or in restricted visibility is required to display a _______ sidelight on the port side, a _____ sidelight on the starboard side, and a _____ light on the stern.
red, green, white
In the Navigation Rules, Rule 5 (Lookout Rule) requires all vesssels to maintain a proper lookout using ____ and _____ and any other available means (e.g., radar)
sight, hearing
It is the responsibility of every vessel operator to avoid a _______.
collision
The _____-_____ vessel’s obligation is to maintain _____ and ______.
stand-on, course, speed
The _____-_____ vessel is required to maneuver out of the way of the stand-on vessel.
give-way
A vessel overtaking another vessel must ____ _____ to the vessel being overtaken (see diagram on 115)
give way