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ASA Coursework > 105.2 Reading Nautical Charts > Flashcards

105.2 Reading Nautical Charts Flashcards

1
Q

Chart Number 1

A

legend or key to all US and international nautical charts

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2
Q

Four characteristics of a buoy or marker

A

Color, Shape, Number, for some, Flashing Rhythm of Light

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3
Q

In the US, the word “returning” has two meanings

A

Coastal — returning to port

ICW – running south and west (NJ to Texas)

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4
Q

A yellow triangle on a marker is

A

An ICW mark that should be left to starboard if returning (NJ to TX) (triangle, right, returning)

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5
Q

Buoys and beacons for the ICW will have a _____ band to identify them as such.

A

yellow

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6
Q

A yellow square on a marker is

A

An ICW mark that should be left to port if returning (NJ to TX)

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7
Q

North and South America are Region __ in the IALA system

A

B - red right returning

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8
Q

Everywhere EXCEPT North and South America are Region __ in the IALA system

A

A – green right returning

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9
Q

Green buoys called ____; red buoys called ____

A

cans (flat-topped); nuns (conical top)

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10
Q

All red buoys have ____ numbers

A

even

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11
Q

All green buoys have ____ numbers

A

odd

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12
Q

Buoys are numbered from 0 at the ___ ___ ___ ___, and increase as move further _____

A

entrance to a harbor, inland

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13
Q

It is important to never ____ the sequence of buoy numbers

A

skip

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14
Q

Looking backward at buoys already passed can help determine if being ____ outside the channel by wind, tide, current.

A

set

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15
Q

“Day Beacons”

A 
permanently built piling structure with signs
function exactly like cans and nuns
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16
Q

“Transit Lights”

A

Two lights separated by distance and height to be aligned when entering.

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17
Q

If transit lights are not aligned, steer toward the…

A

lower light to get back into alignment

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18
Q

Pro / con of transit lights

A

Pro: direct entrance to harbor; Con: 1. do not indicate when to turn (i.e., a hazard could be further in to the harbor); 2. Usually established for commercial traffic

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19
Q

When following transit lights, remember to

A
  1. Look out behind you for Commercial traffic; 2. Determine when must turn from the transit light line.
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20
Q

The orderly marking of buoys along a channel is called

A

the LATERAL system of buoyage

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21
Q

Red and white vertical buoy

A

mid-channel, safe water markers

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22
Q

Red over green or green over red

A

Junction point. The top color should be used for the primary path forward; bottom color secondary path

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23
Q

Junction buoys are typically not ______ but have a _____.

A

numbered; letter

24
Q

Yellow buoys two functions

A

Mark specific areas of interest

Traffic separation zones

25
Q

Two features of a lighted buoy

A

Color and Timing of flashing

26
Q

Five type of buoy / beacon light charateristics

A

Flashing (e.g., one second on, four off)
Occulting (e.g., longer on, equal off)
Quick Flashing (e.g., one per second)
Composite Group Flashing (e.g., two then one then two then one)
Short Long Flashing (dot dash, Morse code A)

27
Q

White light showing short-long flashing indicates a

A

mid-channel buoy

28
Q

Figures in quotes on a chart indicate

A

buoy or marker numbers

29
Q

Unlighted can buoys on a chart are indicated with a

A

C

30
Q

Unlighted nun buoys on a chart are indicated with a

A

R

31
Q

Buoy color abbreviations

A

R, G, W, RG, GR, RW, Y, etc

32
Q

If no color is indicated for a lighted buoy, it’s light color is

A

white

33
Q

The flash of a buoy is typically ___ second in duration

A

one

34
Q

A buoy’s flash is typically visible for (distance)

A

a mile or two, four at most

35
Q

The chart’s indicated time for a lighted buoy should be measured from

A

the start of two successive flashes, including the ON time – use a watch!

36
Q

One con of lighted buoys is that they can…

A

fail. Slow down the boat immediately if at night and lighted buoy isn’t appearing

37
Q

Day Beacon is a really dumb name for what they are since there is no

A

light or “beacon” – the sign itself is called the beacon of the daytime

38
Q

A larger circle around, say, a lighthouse indicates

A

there is a radio beacon there. The frequency and pattern of the broadcast is noted nearby

39
Q

The height of a lighthouse (or other object) is measured above

A

mean high tide

40
Q

Lights flashing more quickly typically indicate

A

a change in direction may be needed (ie. the turning of a channel)

41
Q

Sound devices on buoys include

A

Bell, Gong, Whistle, Fog

42
Q

Lighted buoys can get lost in the midst of

A

background light clutter

43
Q

Major lights (who, visibility, mark what, location can be, operate X hours, multi-colored)

A
  1. placed by USCG
  2. 20 mile or more visibility
  3. key coastal features (headlands, islands, major harbor entrances)
  4. Can be on-shore or off-shore
  5. 24 hours pe
44
Q

A major light may have a directional

A

red sector, indicating danger

45
Q

The visibility of a buoy or beacon is at most

A

3 to 4 miles

46
Q

Unlighted buoys and markers have ____ tape, so one can

A

reflective tape, shine a light on them

47
Q

In fog or at night if “lost” among buoys can’t see them clearly (three things)

A
  1. Slow down, stop or even backtrack
  2. Use spotlight
  3. CHECK SOUNDINGS
48
Q

When encountering fog in a channel, determine _____ _____ from buoy to buoy, favoring the ____ side of the channel, but remember to guard against ___ or ___ out of the channel proper.

A

magnetic courses; right; set/drift

49
Q

In taking and following soundings in fog or otherwise, remember that the readings on the chart are at ___ ____, so your reading may be _____.

A

low tide; higher

50
Q

In a confusing area of a chart, draw ___ ___ from 1, 3, 5 and 2, 4, 6 etc.

A

guide lines

51
Q

Depth on a chart can be given in (three choices)

A

feet, fathoms, or meters

52
Q

A fathom is

A

six feet

53
Q

A meter is X feet. Rule of thumb is X% longer

A

3.28 feet (so, ~10% bigger than a yard)

54
Q

Sounding in fathoms may be shown as a combination of

A

fathoms plus feet (so 5/2 or 5^2), or fathoms plus fractions of a fathom (5-1/2 fathoms)

55
Q

“Chart Datum Level” typically means

A

Low Tide Depth

56
Q

Heights of objects are always given

A

above High Tide levels

ASA Coursework (17 decks)

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