AS 02 - Aerodynamics

Question 1

What are the basic components of an aircraft?

Answer 1

Fuselage, Wings and Empennage

Question 2

Ailerons, spoilers and flaps are appended to which component of an AC?

Answer 2

Wings

Question 3

An aircraft has control surfaces that enable it to move in three dimensions, what are the:

a) Control surfaces
b) Three dimensions

Answer 3

Associated control surfaces are: Ailerons and spoilers, elevators and the rudder.

Three dimensions are: Roll (left and right); pitch (up and down) and yaw (left and right)

Question 4

Ailerons/ spoilers control which axis of movement?

Answer 4

Longitudinal

Question 5

How do the spoilers function?

Answer 5

Plates on the top surface of the wing can extend upward and spoil the airflow. This reduces the lift of that wing section and creates a carefully controlled stall.

Question 6

Does the use of ailerons results in a change of heading?

Answer 6

Yes, due to the tilting of the lift vector.

Question 7

True of false

Elevators are located on the horizontal stabilizer and provide for movement about the lateral axis.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Describe the location, control and movement of the Rudder.

Answer 8

It is found on the vertical stabilizer, provides control about the vertical axis and movement is called yaw.

Question 9

Where is the center of gravity in an aircraft?

Answer 9

Where the lateral, longitudinal and center of gravity intersect.

Question 10

What is dictionary definition of force?

Answer 10

Strength or energy exerted or brought bear: cause of motion or change: active power.

Question 11

What is the 402 SQN definition of force?

Answer 11

Energy to produce or defy motion, may be +/-

Question 12

Forces acting on an airplane are broken down into positive and negative, what are the individual forces for each?

Answer 12

Positive: lift and thrust
Negative: weight and drag

Question 13

If the forces acting on an airplane are in equilibrium, what kind of flight in an airplane in?

Answer 13

Straight, level and unaccelerated flight.

Question 14

What is Newton’s 1st Law?

Answer 14

Law of inertia: an object at rest tends to stay at rest while a body in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Question 15

What is Newton’s 2nd law?

Answer 15

Law of Acceleration: Acceleration is directly proportional to the applied force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

Question 16

What is Newton’s third law?

Answer 16

Law of Action and Reaction: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 17

The pressure exerted on an object by the molecular activity within a fluid defines what?

Answer 17

Static Pressure

Question 18

How is P static calculated?

Answer 18

P static = force/area

Question 19

Define Dynamic Pressure (Pd)

Answer 19

A body immersed in a moving liquid will absorb the kinetic energy of that fluid (aircraft in the airstream).

Question 20

How is dynamic pressure calculated?

Answer 20

Pd = 1/2 pV2

Question 21

How is total pressure calculated?

Answer 21

P total (Pt) = Ps + Pd

Question 22

True or False

Air density varies directly with temperature and humidity and inversely with air pressure.

Answer 22

False, air density varies directly with air pressure and inversely with temperature and humidity.

Question 23

Bernoulli’s Principles assumes:

• ## Pressure is constant-
  -

(What are the other three assumptions?)

Answer 23

Pt = Ps + Pd
Air flow is constant
Air is incompressible

Question 24

How is Mass Airflow (M) calculated?

Answer 24

Density x area x velocity

Question 25

What does Mass Airflow negate?

Answer 25

Air compressibility

Question 26

If Ps is smaller on the upper surface of an airfoil, what is generated by a wing?

Answer 26

Lift

Question 27

By design, an airfoil offers a restriction to air flow and results in an increase to what over the upper surface?

Answer 27

Air velocity

Question 28

What are two basic ways to increase lift?

Answer 28

Increase airspeed and increase the camber of the airfoil.

Question 29

Define camber

Answer 29

The curvature of an airfoil or its surface

Question 30

Review Questions

Name the three main control surfaces.

Answer 30

Ailerons, rudder and elevator

Question 31

Review Questions

What are the three axes of movement?

Answer 31

Longitudinal (roll)
Lateral (pitch)
Vertical (yaw)

Question 32

Review Questions

What motion does each control surface provide?

Answer 32

Longitudinal (roll)
Lateral (pitch)
Vertical (yaw)

Question 33

Review Questions

What are the forces acting upon an aircraft in flight?

Answer 33

Lift, thrust, weight and drag

Question 34

Review Questions

Define Bernoulli’s Principle

Answer 34

An increase in dynamic pressure results in a corresponding decrease in static pressure.