Articulation and Resonance W8

Question 1

articulation and resonance

Answer 1

respiratory and phonatory system work together to produce vocal tone exhaled air sets the adducted vocal folds into vibration vocal tone is shaped and molded into human speech by the vocal tract

Question 2

how many speech sounds per second

Answer 2

20

Question 3

acoustics

Answer 3

resonance - a response to an outside force, vibration resonator - natural resonant frequency, inverse relationship between volume and frequency external source = vf vibration resonator = vocal tract

Question 4

resonance of the vocal tract

Answer 4

chambers within a chamberl - oral, nasal, pharyngeal shape and volume variations with movement of articulatory structures

Question 5

vocal tract as a filter

Answer 5

multiple harmonics of the vocal tone change the shape of the cavities of the vocal tract - change their natural resonant frequency some frequencies of the vocal tone resonate, others are attenuated periodicity - no constriction along vocal tract = periodic sound, conrstriction along vocal tract = aperiodic sound voicing - vf turned on = voiced, vf turned off = voiceless. vowels are all voiced, 15/24 consonants are voiced voiced consonants have degree of periodicity due to vocal tone + constriction of articulators

Question 6

how is speech produced?

Answer 6

sxt=p source, transfer, product

vowels:

source = respiration and vocal fold vibration

transfer = tongue movement

product = specific vowel sound

consonants:

source = respiration and maybe vf vibration

transfer = fixed/movable articulators

product = specific consonants such as /f/ vs /m/

Question 7

source filter theory

Answer 7

Question 8

vowel sounds

Answer 8

vowels characterised by the position of the tongue, high vs low, front vs back

vowel quadrilateral

Question 9

consonant sounds

Answer 9

created with either complete obstruction of the vocal tract, or a narrow constriction

• caused by articulators
• produced with or without phonation

classified according to place, manner, voicing

Question 10

tongue

Answer 10

primary articulator in most consonant sounds and all vowel sounds

involved in 18/24 consonants

articulates with other structures to create constriction or obstruction

intergrated and interrelated movements

Question 11

lips

Answer 11

bilabial sounds p b m

primary articulators are the lips

lip rounding - clue, water

Question 12

teeth

Answer 12

secondary articulator

linguadental sounds, that thin, primary articulator is the tongue

labiodental sounds f,v primary articulators are the lips

Question 13

hard palate

Answer 13

alveloar ridge, alveolar sounds, t d s z l n sometimes r, tongue is primary articulator

hard palate, palatal sounds, shock meause cheap jeep yell sometimes r, tongue is primary articulator

Question 14

velum

Answer 14

velar sounds, k g ring, tongue is primary articulator

responsible fo regulating opening of the velopharyngeal port for nasal sounds n m ring

Question 15

mandible

Answer 15

movement via tmj

creates the position of the oral cavity important for distinguishing vowel, open mid close vowels

can make rapid repetitive movements without fatigue