Article 3 Flashcards
Judicial Branch
Article 3
Article 3 is the third article in the Constitution about courts. When coming up with the constitution, the framers in the constitutional convection were running out of time, therefore it is the shortest part in the constitution.
Supreme Court
Top court in States or in the country. For example, Maine Supreme court or the National Supreme court in DC
Federal Court
Federal Courts deal with National Laws. Deal with higher cases. EX: Murdering a person.
State courts
Deal with state laws, (Maine Supreme Court)
Usually the lower cases
Judge
Judges run the smaller courts. Judges are like the Chief of Justice and observe and make sure everyone is following the rules. They also open the court and decide how the trial is going. They can make the conviction or if there is a jury, the jury will make the decision.
Jury
Jury’s are on most of the cases but not all. They really are only put on big cases. Jury’s are average people and their job is to decided if your innocent or guilty.
Jury Duty
Jury Duty is when a person receives a letter in the mail explaining that they are required to come into the courts unless told otherwise.
Justices
In the Supreme Courts there are 9 judges. Instead of being called judges, they are called justices and get equal votes. There is a chief justice who runs the court like the judge, but gets only one vote.
Criminal V. Civil Case
Criminal Case is where a person is breaking a law and comitting a crime.
A civil case is a problem between 2 people. This does not deal with jail time, it is simply just solving a problem.
Appeal
If you think that your trial was unfair, you can have a option to request to appeal. This means that you can try to ask for the judge to look over the trial again
Cheif Justice
The chief justice (they get an equal vote). Justices are chosen by the president. They just observe and run the court. They speak for the courts too and open the court. They can also swear in the president.
Opinion Dissenting opinion
If a justice or a judge dose not agree with the Majority in a case The Supreme court will pick one justice from the winning side and the loosing side to write an essay about why/how they feel o the case.
Judicial Review
The supreme court will decided if something is constitutional or unconstitutional. This is called Judicial Review. That saying, the Supreme Court has power over the Federal Law.
