Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Motor Speech > Artic Subsystem > Flashcards

Artic Subsystem Flashcards

1
Q

Currently, articulation may be the _______ target in dysarthria treatment

A

last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why would articulation be the last target in dysarthria treatment?

A

we can improve articulation indirectly by assessing and treating respiratory, laryngeal and VP systems first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T or F: compensations are the articulatory level are common

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What articulatory compensations occur in ALS

A
  • tongue & jaw for VPI

- jaw for tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What articulatory compensations occur in PD?

A

tongue for jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the ROM for jaw opening?

A

3-20mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the ROM for lip protrusion/separation?

A

10-12mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is ROM for tongue elevation and tongue protrusion?

A

10-15mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the articulatory speed of the tongue tip

A

70-100mm/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the articulatory speed of the tongue dorsum

A

40mm/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the articulatory speed of the jaw

A

15-30mm/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The _______ is the fastest articulator

A

tongue tip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Does the tongue move faster for /r/ or plosives

A

/r/ is faster than plosives, but movement for plosives is still faster than other sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T or F: different underlying pathophysiologies can have identical effects on speech articulation

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define weakness

A

reduced ability to produce force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define fatiguability

A

decrease in strength over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The maximum of the tongues force is 6-30N, but speech needs only _____% of max strength

A

5-20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If we want to make statements about articulator strength then we have to ___________

A

objectively measure strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name an instrument to test tongue and lip strength and fatiguability

A

IOPI

20
Q

T or F: muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs have typical distribution in speech musculature

A

false

21
Q

How do we infer tone in speech musculature?

A

infer from observations at rest and reduction in ROM and speed

22
Q

T or F: strengthening exercises are not recommended in individuals with spasticity

A

True

23
Q

In terms of kinematics and acoustics, what can we expect in dysarthria?

A
  • smaller displacements (reduced ROM)
  • longer segments
  • reduced speed of motion
  • coordination problems in ataxic dysarthria/ any severe dysarthria
  • reduced acoustic contrast between vowels and reduced spectral distinction between consonants
24
Q

What terms from the MAYO clinic apply to the artic subsystem?

A
  • imprecise consonants
  • distorted vowels
  • prolonged phonemes
  • repeated phonemes
  • irregular articulatory breakdowns
25
Q

Intelligibility isn’t the same thing as _________

A

articulatory proficiency

26
Q

which subsystem is the highest predictor of intelligibility?

A

artic

27
Q

Problems in lips/jaw lead to difficulties producing _________

A

bilabials and vowels

28
Q

Problems with the tongue tip lead to difficulties producing ____________

A

lingual consonants and vowels

29
Q

Problems with the tongue back lead to difficulties producing ____________

A

velars and back vowels

30
Q

Typical errors in dysarthria are __________

A

distortions

31
Q

In ALS the ______ is worse, in PD the _________ is worse

A

tongue

jaw and lips

32
Q

If a patient uses a bite block and speech production improves, what does this mean?

A

the jaw is impaired

33
Q

If a patient uses a bite block and speech production worries, what does this mean?

A

the tongue or lips are impaired

34
Q

What is the purpose of a bite block?

A

to assess tongue and lip mobility independently from the jaw

35
Q

Coordination and sequencing between articulators is likely the key in speech, so we need to be cautious when _________ speech components

A

isolating

36
Q

List the treatment principles for artic subsystem

A
  • treatment hierarchy
  • multimodality and increase sensory stimulation
  • use intact modalities
  • avoid working on sounds in isolation unless very early in acquisition stage
  • Motor therapy (intense + carefully selected stimuli + carefully organized practice and feedback schedule)
37
Q

List the Tx techniques for the artic subsystem

A
  • elicitation with ‘shaping and cueing’
  • articulation (intelligibility) drills
  • prosodic methods (speaking rate)
  • bite block
  • augmented visual feedback
  • botox injections
  • non speech (strength, relaxation, stretching)
  • minimal pairs
  • discovery learning
  • clear speech
38
Q

What is the goal of discovery learning?

A
  • pt figures out what works
  • to develop strategies to make self to be understood (e.g., alphabet supplementation, slowing of the rate; identifying a topic; clear speech strategy for certain sounds)
39
Q

Why would decreasing speaking rate work as artic tx?

A

more time to achieve articulatory targets on one hand for speaker – more time for listeners to process speech signal

40
Q

What are some rate control techniques?

A
  • DAF
  • finger tapping
  • pacing boards
  • alphabet boards
  • rhythmic cueing (metronome)
41
Q

Describe all the effects that clear speech Tx has on speech

A
  • increased contrast between speech sounds (vowels and consonants)
  • longer syllable durations and longer pauses
  • increased loudness and F0
  • found to improve intelligibiltiy
42
Q

What is one downfall of clear speech

A

-it requires increased effort and is fatiguing

43
Q

What are some arguments for NS-OME?

A
  • Speech is a motor act, might be similar to other motor acts (e.g., chewing)
  • Shared movement characteristics and demands
  • Get rid of linguistic component
  • Hierarchy of non-speech, some near speech
    (e. g., visuo-motor tracking)
  • Subsystem analysis (part-whole argument)
  • done as a warm up
  • increased awareness of articulators
44
Q

What are some arguments against NS-OME?

A
  • Task specificity - control of motor behaviour is task specific not effector specific
  • Acoustic signal is a component of movement, build into the motor program
  • Differential effects of tx on speech and non-sp
  • Documented differences in muscle function b/n speech and chewing/ swallowing/ jaw wags behaviors/ blowing
  • Lack of documented relationship between strength and intelligibility (confound of severity)
  • artic strength needs are low compared to max strength
  • NS-OME encourage gross and exaggerated ranges of motion, not small, coordinated movements that are required for talking.
45
Q

When are NS-OMEs actually recommended?

A
  • patients with oral motor deficits
  • patietns with severe impairments (obviously reduced strength and obviously unable to perform OM tasks - i.e. blowing out candles)
  • Don’t expect changes in speech!!

Motor Speech (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions