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Motor Speech > AOS and CAS > Flashcards

AOS and CAS Flashcards

1
Q

AOS is problems with ____________ and ________.

A

motor planning and programming

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2
Q

T or F: AOS often exists in its pure form

A

False

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3
Q

What are the 3 definitions of AOS:

A

1) Cognitive Processing
2) Neuroanatomic
3) Behavioural

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4
Q

Describe the cognitive processing view of AOS:

A

Intact Linguistic level –> Impaired Motor Planning and programming level –> Execution

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5
Q

________ defines sensorimotor goals aka what needs to happen in the future.

A

Motor Planning

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6
Q

_______ defines commands for different muscle groups, depending on the specific articulatory situation, accounts for muscle tone, direction and range of motion. AKA what each muscle needs to do.

A

Motor programming

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7
Q

According to the neuroanatomic view what are the 4 brain areas associated with AOS:

A

1) Broca’s Area
2) Left Insula: subcortica structure along the cortico-bulbar pathway
3) Arcuate Fasciculus
4) Basal Ganglia

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8
Q

Based on the behavioural view of AOS there are 7 behavioural characteristics:

A

1) Reduced ability to perform skilled learned (esp. voluntary) movements.
2) Effortful/ groping articulation
3) Difficulty initiating
4) Articulatory inconsistencies on repeated productions
5) Prosodic disturbances
6) Automatic speech may be preserved or better
7) Increased difficulties with increased complexity or at a faster speaking rate

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9
Q

In the behavioural definition of CAS there are 3 segmental and suprasegmental features:

1) _________ errors on consonants and vowels in repeated production so syllables or words.
2) Lengthened and distrupted _________ between sounds and syllables
3) _______ especially in realization of lexical or phrasal stress (supresegmental duration, rate, stress, F0)
4) _________, inconsistency and imprecision

A

1) Inconsistent errors
2) Lengthened and disrupted co-articulatory transitions
3) Inappropriate prosody
4) Vowel errors

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10
Q

The _____________ is a standardized test for AOS that looks at DDKs, word repetition, limb/oral apraxia, complexity (polysyllabic word naming), successful repetitions, sponaneous vs automatic speech.

A

Apraxia Battery for Adults

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11
Q

___________ is the impaired ability to perform actions of the mouth and tongue. It is present in ____% of AOS cases.

A

Oral (non-verbal) apraxia

80%

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12
Q

_________ is impaired ability to repeat previously well-established actions

A

Ideation apraxia

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13
Q

________ is impaired ability to imitate unfamiliar actions, also called motor apraxia or ideokinetic apraxia

A

Ideomotor apraxia

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14
Q

_______ is impaired ability to copy simple drawings or patterns

A

Constructional apraxia

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15
Q

______ is impaired ability to dress

A

Dressing apraxia

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16
Q

________ is impaired ability to make eye movements, also called ocular apraxia.

A

Oculomotor apraxia

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17
Q

T or F: In CAS not only will automatic/ spontaneous supersegmentals may be intact they will also be able to imitate suprasegmentals.

A

False - automatic/ spontaneous may be intact but they won’t be able to imitate.

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18
Q

Tasks such as “stick out your tongue”, “bite your lower lip”, “show how you would kiss” and “whistle” are used to detect _______.

A

Oral Apraxia - which is present in 80% of AOS cases.

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19
Q

What are two main questions during AOS and CAS assessment?

A

1) Where does speech break down? - length, automaticity

2) What is the underlying issue? -artic or timing

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20
Q

What are some speech and sound production tasks used to assess apraxia?

A
  • Imitation, spontaneous and repeated speech
  • sounds, single syllables, multi-syllables, phrases, sentences
  • Suprasegmentals (rate, pitch, volume, intonation)
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21
Q

During speech production consider __________ inventory not just error inventory.

A

phonetic

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22
Q

9 things to consider during speech production:

A

1) Phonetic/ error inventory
2) Consistency in repetition
3) Rich/ reduced sound/syllable repertoire
4) Groping
5) Organicity of imitated and spontaneous sounds
6) Typicality of errors
7) Omissions or substitutions
8) Disrupted sequencing
9) Stimuability

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23
Q

T or F: Spontaneous speech in apraxia is more motorically/ hetero-organic than speech on imitation.

A

True

24
Q

T or F: “Go” is homo-organic (simple) and “open” is hetero-organically complex.

A

True

25
Q

What is the difference between aphasia and apraxia?

A

Aphasia is linguistic processes

AOS is motor programming

26
Q

What is the difference between dysarthria and apraxia?

A

Dysarthria is paresis, ataxia, akinesia, rigidity, dyskinesia or tremor
AOS is motor programming

27
Q

What is the difference between severe phonological and apraxia?

A

phonological is a speech sound disorder

28
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Person has normal rate and can increase rate without increased errors

A

Aphasia

29
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Substitutions (>1 feature from target) are less common than distortions (1 feature away)

A

AOS

30
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Consistent location and type of error. Inconsistent repetitions.

A

AOS

31
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Slow rate. Increasing the rate increases errors.

A

AOS

32
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Long vowel durations and groping

A

AOS

33
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

No difficulty on OME

A

Severe phonological or AOS without oral apraxia

34
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Decreased strength and coordination resulting in imprecision, slurring.

A

Dysarthria

35
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Errors are consistent in all utterance lengths

A

Severe phonological

36
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Omission in final position more likely than initial

A

Severe phonological

37
Q

Differential Diagnosis:

Additions and tendency to omit initial sound

A

Apraxia of speech

38
Q

T or F: CAS goes away with treatment and time.

A

False - can have residual or resolved CAS but speech is still apraxic. Stress, fatigue and alcohol make it worse.

39
Q

Prognosis for CAS & AOS is generally good. It depends on _______ and ________

A

severity and amount of practice

40
Q

List the 3 types of treatment for AOS and CAS

A

1) Articulatory positioning and transitioning
2) Prosody
3) Intersystemic reorganization

41
Q

Describe articulatory treatment based on spatial features of sounds:

A
  • Phonetic derivation (speech from non-speech)
  • progressive approximation (get sh from s
  • miming
  • teach phonetic placement
  • minimal pairs
42
Q

The articulatory treatment of ___________ emphasiazes regaining point of articulation and sequencing and is 8 steps that are basically the cueing hierarchy

A

integral stimulation and repeated practice

43
Q

__________ is for consonants. A unique feature is the use of minimal contrasts. The treatment uses minimal pairs to drill contrasts.

A

Sound production treatment (SPT)

44
Q

_________ is for severe AOS. It is taking voluntary control of involuntary utterances. It slowly extends the # of phonemes and transitions.

A

Multiple input phoneme therapy

45
Q

________ involves using promts for restructureing oral muscular phonetic targets.

A

PROMPT

46
Q

________ focus on intonational, rhythmic and temporal aspects

A

Prosodic treatments

47
Q

________ is a facilitating temporal schema.

A

Rhythm

48
Q

List 5 prosodic treatments:

A
  • melodic intonation therapy
  • metronomic pacing/ finger tapping
  • contrastive stress technique
  • emotional stress
  • prolonged speaking
49
Q

T or F: prosodic treatments may be less effective by themselves than positioning methods

A

true

50
Q

_________, _________ and _________ are intersystemic reorganization treatments.

A

pacing boards, finger counting and gesturing

51
Q

List 5 Principles of Apraxia Treatment

A

1) Focus on Speech
2) Choose targets wisely
3) Prosodic treatments
4) Cueing hierarchy and hierarchy of difficulty
5) Severity

52
Q

How should you choose targets in AOS:

A
  • Functionality
  • Treat non-stimuable sounds for treatment generalization but consider frustration
  • Consider difficulty of sounds, frequency of occurance, isolated vs syllable
  • How many sounds to target and practice schedule
53
Q

T or F: High intensity is better than low intensity in CAS

A

True - 3-5 sessions/ week

54
Q

T or F: Naturalistic environment as possible

A

True

55
Q

T or F: 2 hour long sessions are better than four 30 minutes sessions.

A

False- more short sessions better

56
Q

T or F: Use a multisensory approach

A

True

57
Q

T or F: Treat the individual and consider the entire speech system.

A

True

  • increase phonetic inventory
  • decrease errors
  • increase suprasegmentals

Motor Speech (15 decks)

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