Arthropods & Opportunists Flashcards
Insects that deposit larvae
viviparous
Arthropods exhibiting gradual or incomplete metamorphosis
cockroaches, grasshoppers, lice, and bugs
Arthropods exhibiting complete metamorphosis.
mosquitoes, flies, butterflies, moths, ants, bees, wasps, fleas, beetles
tongue worms
class pentastomida
Arthropods that are both aquatic and terrestrial in nature
Class arachnida
In this type of metamorphosis, an arthropod undergoes four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
Complete metamorphosis
This aids the insect’s skin to not be sensitive to contact.
chitinized cuticle
This class of arthropods is considered the largest, representing 70% of the phylum. It is the most important group of arthropods from the medical viewpoint.
Class Insecta (flies, mosquitoes, bees, wasps, butterflies, bugs)
Refers to the change in form or structure of an arthropod that occurs during the period of development
Metamorphosis
A special mechanisms of arthropods which they use against their enemies which is primarily a nitrogenous polysaccharide which makes the integument impervious to water; appendages which may be lost and later regenerated; hairs, scales or spinesl and body fluids which may be used effectively for survival.
Chitinized exoskeleton
These are terrestrial, elongated and have many segments. The body is cylindrical with two pairs of legs per body segment. There are no poison claws. They do not bite humans, but secrete substances that are irritants to human skin.
Class Diplopoda (millipedes)
Insects that lay eggs
oviparous
Arthropods that are terrestrial, elongated, and have many segments. The body is dorsoventrally flattened with a pair of legs on each body segment. The appendages of the first body segment are modified to serve as poision claws.
class chilopoda (centipedes)
Arthropods that are aquatic in nature
class crustacea
What is the difference between active flying insects and walking types?
facets
These are bilaterally symmetrical invertebrate animals with segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and hard outer coverings or exoskeletons.
arthropods
In this type of metamorphosis, an arthropod undergoes three stages: egg, nymph, and adult.
Gradual or incomplete metamorphosis
an arthropod that is about the size of a sesame seed that has 6 legs (each with claws) and is tan to grayish-white
adult louse
The infestation with the human head-and-body louse
Pediculosis
Human body louse or head louse
Pediculus humanus
Treatment for head lice
benzene hexachloride
also known as crab lice
pubic lice (Phthrius pubis)
hog louse
Haematopinus
dog biting louse
Trichodectes canis
cattle louse
Linognathus
Chicken louse
Menopon
Pigeon louse
Columbicola
These are wingless insects measuring less than 4mm, usually 1.4 to 2 mm in length. Its body is laterally compressed and covered with spines which enable them to move freely.
Order Siphonaptera (fleas)
dog flea
Ctenocephalides canis
cat flea (asawa ni ador sa dirty linen)
C. felis
human flea
Pulex irritans
Rat flea
Xenopsylla cheopis
known as the chigger, jigger, or sand flea
tunga penetrans
It may also pose significant problems in dogs but infestation tned to be sporadic, geographically isolated, or related to special environmental circumstances.
Tunga penetrans
The cause of scabies
Sarcoptes scabei (Scabies mites )
These are common at all times in very poor communities with inadequate washing facilities.
Mites
Transmission of these arthropods occurs primarily by the transfer of ovigerous females during person-to-person, skin-to-skin contact. Occasionally, transmission may occur via fomites.
Mites
MOT of Toxoplasma gondii
Blood tranfusion/organ transplant
Consuming undercooked, infected meat
Ingesting contaminated water, soil with cat feces
Mother to child transmission
A coccidian parasite commonly found as a cause of diarrhea in patients from the Carribean and Africa.
Isospora belli
An intestinal parasite
Cyclospora cayatanensis
Unicellular obligate intracellular parasites
Microsporidia
The parasite is released in feces as oocyst containing 4 crescent shaped naked or non-encysted sporozoites.
Cryptosporidium parvum
Causes diarrheal syndrome in AIDS patients
Isospora belli
In normal host, it causes self-limitng infection with abdominal pain.
Cyclospora cayatanensis
Means “hospital infection”
nosocomial parasitic infections
bed bugs
Order Hemiptera
This mite is known to attach humans, but is aactually a common parasite of wild birds.
Dermanyssus
This mite attacks people living in rat-infested buildings.
Ornithonyssus
People handling infested grain, cotton, and hay may develop dermatitis due to this mite.
Pyemotes
These stored product mites cause dermatitis in humans often called miller’s, grocer’s, copra, or worker’s rash, depending on the material being handled. These parasites can also precipitate an attack of bronchial asthma.
Glycyohagus, Acarus, Tyrophagus
House dust mites
Dermatophagoides
The infestation or invasion of tissue or organs of humans and animals by dipterous larvae.
Myiasis
