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kcep final > Arthritis > Flashcards

Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical clientele for arthritis

A

Older adults

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2
Q

When does the risk of arthritis increase and why

A

With age and bc of osteoarthritis

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3
Q

Is there more report doctor-diagnosed arthritis w females or males

A

Females>males

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4
Q

Can kin and at plays a role in arthritis

A

Yes

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5
Q

When should people w arthritis do exercise

A

When symptoms are at their lowest (~10-11h am)

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6
Q

Is glucosamine better than taking a placebo pill

A

Doesnt hurt bu not proven to do anything concrete

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7
Q

What does arthritis stand for and what is it

A

Arthro: joints
Itis: inflammation
Its a group of conditions where there is damage to the jnts of the body

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8
Q

How many forms of arthritis are there and what are these conditions characterized by

A

More than 100 forms

Soreness, stiffness, and pain in jnts

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9
Q

Most common forms of arthritis

A

Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

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10
Q

Main problems that are common in all forms

A

Decrease in jnt mobility

Presence of jnt pain

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11
Q

Prevalence of arthritis

A

4 millions canadians ( 1 in 7)
Most common cause of long term disability in canada
More than 600 000 canadians are classified as disabled bc of arthritis

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12
Q

What can’t most people w arthritis do

A

Cant work bc of decreased ADL but a lot are already retired so it doesnt matter

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13
Q

Why is the number of people w arthritis expected to go up

A

Bc of aging population

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14
Q

The largest increase is within what age range and why

A

65 or older bc of the aging of the baby boomer population

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15
Q

What are the impacts on daily life

A

Pain can prevent activities in people living w arthritis

Physical inactivity is slightly higher in people living w arthritis

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16
Q

Text about impacts on daily living

A

-most frequent cause of long term disability in the pop
Frequent pain that may prevent activities (41% of people compared to 16% with other chronic conditions and people w/o chronic conditions: 4%)

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17
Q

What is the proportion of canadians w arthritis that are inactive

A

58% and those w/o chronic conditions is 50% and those w chronic conditions is 43%

Arthritis is still number one but most are inactive

18
Q

Arthritis hand involvement

A

Inflammation
Joint deformity (w time)
Painful

19
Q

What can help for joint deformity

A

Stretching when symptoms are at their lowest

Meds can also help w inflammation

20
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis what is it

A

Inflammation that occurs in the synovial membranes that cover a jnt capsule and spreads throughout the jnt

3x more common in females

Affects all ages w usual onset btw 20 and 50 y

Affects more than 1 jnt and usually symetrical

Most common in wrists hands knees feet and cervical spine

Periods of exacerbation and remission

21
Q

Disease type of RA and what is the cause, meds

A

Systemis: the entire body is affected (fever, pallor, inflammation of tear and salivary glands)

Meds to reduce jnt inflammation and pain + immunosuppressive drugs

Cause: malfunction of the immune system (autoimmune disease)

22
Q

What is the new test for RA dx

A

Blood test for RA diagnosis (inflammatory markers = c-reactive protein)

C-reactive protein is produced in the liver and found in the blood. CRP levels in the blood rise in response to inflammation

23
Q

What is the primary problems for RA and osteoarthritis

A

RA: swelling and inflammation

osteoarthritis: cartilage destruction

24
Q

Juvenile RA consists of what

A

Most common form of arthritis in children
Symptoms and causes are similar to those of RA
average age of onset is 6 yo ans 2 peaks occur btw the ages of 2-4 and 8-11

Complete functional recovery in about 50% of cases
Periods of exacerbation last from 1 week to several months

25
Q

Warning signs of RA

A
  1. Pain, swelling, tenderness, heat or redness in a joint (INFLAMMATION)
  2. Inflammation may start gradually or w a sudden severe attack (can occur after psychological trauma)
  3. Morning stiffness that lasts longer than 30 min
  4. Pain in 3 or more jnts at the same time or in a jnt all night long
  5. Low energy and fatigue (systemic condition)
  6. Possible fever and weight loss (systemic disease)
26
Q

osteoarthritis characteristics (7)

A

most common form of arthritis
mainly affects persons age 50 +
same incidence btw men and women
symptoms get worse as the day goes on (bc of fatigue)
degenerative jnt disease (loss of articular cartilage)
peripheral disease (local effect)
meds to reduce jnt inflammation and pain

27
Q

causes of osteo

A 
genetic predisposition
joint trauma (knees of football players)
excess weight (obesity)
overuse syndrome (hands of hair dressers)
28
Q

most commonly affected jnts of osteo and what is common amongst those

A

hands

spine, hips, knees (weight bearing jnts)

29
Q

what is the tx to manage arthritis, how does it help

A

exercise
helps to reduce pain, and prevent further joint damage
also helps to maintain healthy weight, which puts less strain on the jnts (weight bearing jnts)
exercise of inflamed jnts strengthens the m. around the jnt this results in less pain

30
Q

what can jnt mvt and absence of mvt do to the body

A

jnt mvt:
-mechanical pressure over the cartilage = brings nutrients + squeezes out waste (need to move to get bigger)

absence of mvt: (find time in day, when symptoms decrease to move)

  • cartilage will starve + crumble away
  • tendons + lig will shrink, stiffen up + become weaker
31
Q

people like me: arthritis training intensity chart

how do you feel; training intensity

A

how do you feel vs training intensity
red workout: more than normal pain (joints in flare-up); low (rest and recover, ROM)

yellow workout: normal pain, normal jnt comfort; easy to moderate (normal exercise routine)

green workout: better than normal pain, joints feeling good; moderate to high (try smt new: more time, more weight and more reps/sets)

32
Q

exercise recommendations from the arthritis society

A

ROM + stretching exercise:

if jnt is affected but not painful:

  • ROM exercise (5-10 reps, position is held for 2-3 sec when it is appropriate)
  • stretching exercises (2 to 3 reps, position is held for 20-30 s)

if jnt is slightly swollen, but neither hot nor painful, cuts the reps in half

if the jnt is hot, swollen + painful
-1 or 2 repetitions of the ROM exercises and no stretching

33
Q

strengthening exercises by arthritis society

A

if jnt is affected but not painful:
- 5 to 10 reps with low load (can be repeated 3 times = 15 to 30 reps)

if jnt is slightly swollen + mildly painful = cut reps in half = 7 to 15 reps

if jnt is hot, swollen + painful = avoid strengthening exercises

34
Q

what is the key point for arthritis exercise

A

important to move the affected jnts (ROM)

35
Q

what can be used as equipment for strengthening exercises

A

light weights and stretch bands

36
Q

relaxation for arthritis

A

relaxation of the m. around an affected jnt reduces pain.

37
Q

heat and cold for arthritis

A

heat helps to relax aching m., reduce jnt pain and soreness (not recommended for swollen jnts) : like ahot shower or a hot pad

cold helps to lessen the pain and swelling in a jnt : put an ice pack on your knee

38
Q

what can stress and anxiety do to a person w arthritis

A

Stress/anxiety? = will increase pain sensation

39
Q

Joint protection: how to prevent joint deterioration

A

important to be kind to the body. After doing heavy work, or doing to same task over and over => stop or slow down

important to use arms, legs and back in safe ways to avoid stress on jnts (ex: carry a heavy load close to your body )

40
Q

when is surgery used in people w arthritis

A

considered if jnt becomes badly damaged, or if the pain is too strong

41
Q

benefits of surgery for people w arthritis

A

less pain, better mvt and function, in some cases better physical appearance

can be minor or major (joint reconstruction)

kcep final (9 decks)

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