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psychology > Arousal/Anxiety > Flashcards

Arousal/Anxiety Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Arousal?

A

A state of activation that varies on a continuum from deep sleep to intense excitement

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2
Q

What is Anxiety?

A

Negative emotional state with feelings of nervousness and worry associated with the activation/arousal of the body

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3
Q

What is anxiety in sport?

A

Unpleasant psychological state in reaction to perceived stress concerning the performance of a task under pressure

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4
Q

What are the 2 forms of Anxiety? Describe them?

A

Trait anxiety - general anxiety across all situations
State anxiety - Situational feelings of apprehension

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5
Q

What is the association with trait and state anxiety?

A

High trait is associated with high state

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6
Q

What are the 2 components to anxiety?

A

Cognitive
Somatic

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7
Q

What is cognitive anxiety ? 3 Examples ?

A

The mental components of anxiety such as:
Worry
Negative thoughts
Nervousness and apprehension

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8
Q

What is somatic anxiety? Examples?

A

The physical components such as:
Increased (^) respiration
^ sweating
^ HR
Physical nerves eg shaking, tense, nauseous.

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9
Q

Is anxiety always bad?

A

Anxiety can be perceived and interpreted differently, top athletes tend to use high anxiety levels to facilitate performance

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10
Q

What are 2 factors to anxiety? Describe them?

A

Intensity - The amount of anxiety one feels
Direction - One’s interaction to said anxiety, is it facilitative or debilitative?

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11
Q

What is more important, intensity or direction? Dependant on?

A

Direction as it can be used positively,
It is dependant on the type of anxiety and personal and situational factors

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12
Q

What are the theories of Arousal? (4)

A

Drive
Inverted U
Catastrophe
Multidimensional anxiety theory

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13
Q

Describe the drive theory?

A

Arousal increases the chance of dominant response, high arousal = dominant response = Improved performance

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14
Q

Drive theory limitations?

A

Too simple
Can’t explain elites choking/ novice shining

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15
Q

Describe the inverted U theory?

A

As arousal increases so does performance to a certain level, once optimal has surpassed then performance decreases. Optimal arousal differs

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16
Q

Inverted U limitations?

A

Unlikely performances decreases smoothly
Over arousal more likely to be a plummet

17
Q

What is the Individual Zone of Optimal functioning ?

A

Optimal anxiety level (bandwidth) for an athlete where they perform the best.

18
Q

ZOF limitations?

A

Doesn’t explain why some perform better in certain states and others don’t.
Doesn’t explain aviation of the same athlete in the same conditions

19
Q

Describe the multidimensional theory?

A

distinguishes between somatic and cognitive, assuming cognitive is bad leading to a smooth decline

20
Q

Describe catastrophe theory?

A

Once disruption occurs, performance plummets, if athlete can control anxiety they can regain performance.

21
Q

Catastrophe theory limitations?

A

Difficult to test
How can you recreate intense arousal level setting?

22
Q

Arousal influences on performance ?(5)

A

Muscle tension
Coordination difficulties
Narrows attention
Attend inappropriate cues
Shift to dominant style

23
Q

Describe the Competitive state anxiety inventory questionnaire ?

A

27 items
3 sub scales — cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, self confidence

24
Q

Describe Competitive State Anxiety
Inventory Questionnaire 2 ?

A

27 items
3 sub scales - cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, self confidence
2 dimensions - intensity and direction

25
Q

Physiological measurements of anxiety ?

A

Change in HR
Respiration
Skin conductance
Cortisol

26
Q

Physiological measure +?

A

Direct comparisons
Quantifiable values

27
Q

Physiological measures - ?

A

Expensive
Requires training
May not reflect anxiety

28
Q

Self report +?

A

Cheap
Easy
No training

29
Q

Self report -?(4)

A

Response Bias/Socially desirable responding
Difficult to compare to other scores
Not always able to explain how we feel
Response scale can be limiting

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