Arousal Flashcards
What is arousal?
An energised state and a readiness to perform.
What is the drive theory?
The more an elite sports person is aroused the better their performance due to the dominant response being chosen is habitual.
What is a dominant response?
The dominant response is intensified as arousal increases. The dominant response is a response that is most likely to occur in a given situation.
What is the inverted U theory?
Increased arousal improves performance but only to a moderate level, after which more arousal causes performance to suffer.
What 3 factors effect optimal levels of arousal?
- Skill level
- Personality
- The task
What is the catastrophe theory?
Increased arousal improves performance to a point but an intense combination of somatic and cognitive anxieties cause dramatic decrease in performance.
What are features of under arousal?
- Poor selective attention
- Lack of focus
- Ringelman effect
- Slow/poor reaction time
- Attentional wastage
What are the features of over arousal?
- Poor selective attention
- Lack of focus
- Slow/poor reaction time
- Violence
- Break rules
What is attentional wastage?
Performers concentration is misdirected to irrelevant cues. Can damage performance especially in novices.
What is attentional narrowing?
Occurs when a performer is aroused so they focus on certain cues and ignore others.
What is social loafing?
Individual loss of motivation in a team player due to lack of performance identification when efforts aren’t recognised.
What is the Ringelman effect?
When a teams performance decreases with group size.
What is peak flow performance?
The ultimate intrinsic experience felt by athletes from a positive mental attitude, with supreme confidence, focus and efficiency.
What are the factors that effect peak flow performance?
- Poor mental preparation and the failure to reach optimal arousal levels.
- Environmental influence, crowd pressure, refs decisions.
- Injury or fatigue
