Arm and Cubital Fossa Flashcards
What are the muscles of the arm divided into?
Anterior and Posterior compartments
What do the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm do?
Flexors of arm and elbow
What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?
Musculocutaneous
What muscles are situated in the anterior compartment of the arm?
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
What are the attachments of the biceps brachii?
Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head - coracoid process
Insert into radial tuberosity
What are the actions of the biceps brachii?
- Supination and flexion of elbow (when supine)
- Long head prevents the head of the humerus moving superiorly and short head resists dislocation
- Weak flexion of arm
What is the most powerful supinator of the forearm?
Biceps Brachii
What muscle is highlighted and what is its innervation?
Biceps Brachii
Musculocutaneous (C5-6)
What nerve pierces the coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the attachments of coracobrachilais?
Origin- coracoid process of scapula
Insertion- medial mid-shaft of humerus
What are the actions of coracorachialis?
Flexion of arm and assists with adduction
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Coracobrachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the attachments of brachialis?
Origin - Distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus
Insertion - Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
What is the role of brachialis?
Flexion of elbow
What is the most powerful elbow flexor?
Brachialis
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Brachialis
Musculocutaneous (small component of lateral fibres from radial nerve)
What muscle is situated in the posterior compartment of the arm?
Triceps Brachii
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Triceps Brachii
Radial nerve
What are the attachments of the triceps brachii?
Long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Medial head - posterior surface of shaft of humerus (inf. to radial groove)
Lateral head - humerus (sup. to radial groove)
Insertion - olecranon of ulna
What are the actions of triceps brachii?
Extension of elbow
Long had resists dislocation
Where does the brachial artery divide into its terminal branches?
In or close to the cubital fossa
Divides into radial and ulnar branches
Which artery forms a common interosseous branch?
Ulna
Common branch then gives off anterior and posterior interosseous branches to supply deep structures of the forearm
What do the radial and ulnar nerves pass through to reach the forearm?
Radial - lateral intermuscular septum
Ulnar - medial intermuscular septum
What is highlighted?
Humerus - medial epicondyle
What is highlighted?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
What is highlighted?
Humerus - lateral epicondyle
What is highlighted?
Trochlea of humerus
What is highlighted?
Humerus - Capitulum
What is highlighted?
Coronoid fossa of humerus
What is highlighted?
Olecranon fossa of humerus
What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?
Lateral - Brachioradialis
Medial - Pronator teres
Roof - Skin, fascia, biceptial aponeurosis
Floor - Brachialis
What is the communication between the basilic and cephalic veins?
Communicate via the median cubital vein in the cubital fossa
What does the cephalic vein drain?
Lateral side of the dorsum of the hand, passes along the roof of the anatomical snuffbox, then runs up lateral side of forearm to cubital fossa
What does the basilic vein drain?
Medial side of the dorsum of the hand and medial forearm before reaching the cubital fossa
What is the contents of the cubital fossa?
Medial to Lateral
- Median nerve
- bifurcation of brachial artery into ulnar and radial arteries
- tendon of biceps
What type of joint is the elbow?
Synovial hinge
True or False?
The ulna moves during pronation
False!
The radial head moves around the rounded capitulum of the humerus in pronation and supination
What facilitates the rotation of the radius around the humerus in pronation and supination?
Annular ligament
What is being highlighted?
Annular ligament
What prevents adduction and abduction of the elbow?
Medial and lateral collateral ligaments
What is highlighted?
Lateral (radial) collateral ligament
What is highlighted and what are its parts?
Medial (ulnar) collateral ligament
- Posterior, anterior and oblique bands
What is highlighted?
Head of radius
What is highlighted?
Radial tuberosity
What is highlighted?
Styloid process of radius
What is highlighted?
Styloid process of ulna
What is highlighted?
Trochlear notch of ulna
What is highlighted?
Coronoid process of ulna
