April Flashcards
Gradual withdrawal of systemic corticosteroids should be considered if a patient has received what level of Prednisolone over what length of time?
At least 40mg prednisolone daily for more than 1 week
With lithium monitoring, plasma lithium levels should be taken how long after the last dose?
12 hours
How does glimepiride work?
A sulphonylurea that stimulates the production of insulin in pancreatic islet cells
Why should bismuth subsalicylate not be used in under 16?
Think aspirin, salicylate, Reye’s syndrome
What are black triangle drugs?
Newly licensed drugs that are monitored intensively by the MHRA
Crohn’s disease normally affects what part of the gastro-intestinal tract?
Can affect any part of it
Azathioprine interacts with: Allopurinol Morphine Atenolol Gabapentin
Allopurinol
Increased risk of toxicity when allopurinol and azathioprine given together
Records concerning the destruction of schedule 2 drugs should be kept for how long?
7 years
There is an increased risk of myopathy when simvastatin is given with: Ranitidine Verapamil Warfarin Azathioprine
Verapamil
Which of the following are not used in depression? Citalopram Amitriptyline Phenelzine Nefopam
Nefopam is not used in the treatment of depression.
Pain medicine
Atenolol is one of the most water soluble beta-blockers. What impact does this have on its ability to cause sleep disturbances?
More water soluble = less likely to cross blood brain barrier = less likely to cause sleep disturbance
What type of insulin is isophane insulin?
Intermediate acting
How is doxycycline used for malaria prophylaxis?
1-2 days before entering malaria area, duration of stay and for 4 weeks afterwards
There is an increased risk of myopathy when simvastatin is used with: Lithium Grapefruit juice Colchicine Amlodipine
Increased risk of myopathy when with grapefruit juice, amlodipine and colchicine.
A woman is considered fertile for how long after her last period?
2 years if under 50, 1 year if over 50
Which of the following is not a type of psoriasis: Chronic plaque psoriasis Guttate psoriasis Psoriasis of the nails Arhritic psoriasis Epidermal psoriasis
Epidermal psoriasis.
Which of the following is not a sign of chronic renal failure? Pruritis Yellowing of the skin and iris Bruising Anorexia Peripheral neuropathy
Yellowing of the skin and iris = jaundice = liver failure
Which of the following is not a function of the liver: Storage of bile Filtration of waste products Metabolism Synthesis of proteins Homeostasis
Storage of bile
Which of the following causes GORD: Smoking Diet rich in fibre Drugs such as H2 receptor antagonists Drugs such as H1 receptor antagonists Diet rich in protein
Smoking
Leafy greens have what effect on INR?
Decrease it, warfarin prevents the production of vitamin k-dependent clotting factors. Green, leafy vegetables are rich in vitamin K.
Dietary supplementation of which vitamin should be avoided by pregnant women?
A, or retinol, can harm the growth of a fetus
Which of the following tests is not currently routinely recommended before starting treatment with amiodarone? Liver function test Chest X-ray Thyroid function test Kidney function test
CXR, LFTs and TFTs should be completed every 6 months for patients taking amiodarone.
Which of the following beta-blockers are not cardioselective? Bisoprolol Atenolol Nebivolol Propranolol
Propranolol is not cardioselective, the other three are.
In anaphylaxis, how often should adrenaline injections be administered if symptoms remain/recur?
Every 5 minutes.
How long until senna works?
8 hours
A foul, fishy-smelling discharge indicates what GU condition?
Bacterial vaginosis
What is the treatment of bacterial vaginosis?
Oral metronidazole:
Suggested duration of treatment 5–7 days (or high-dose metronidazole as a single dose).
Alternatively, topical metronidazole for 5 days or topical clindamycin for 7 days
Hydrocortisone 0.1% cream can only be sold for use by patients that are at least how old?
10 years of age
What is first-line treatment for indigestion?
Antacids such as magnesium hydroxide.
Long term use of proton pump inhibitors has been associated with increased risk of what GI condition?
C. difficile
Which of the following has faecal softening activity? Docusate sodium Bisacodyl Senna Isphagula husk
Docusate sodium is a stimulant laxative with faecal softening activity.
Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative.
Senna is a stimulant laxative.
Isphagula is a bulk forming laxative
What is an FP10CDF form used for?
Requisitions for sch 2 or 3 CDs
Which of the following antimicrobials has a significant interaction with azathioprine?
Trimethoprim
Metronidazole
Oxytetracycline
Fluconazole
Azathioprine and trimethoprim = increased risk of toxicity
Can senna be used safely in pregnancy?
No it is a stimulant laxative
What is the treatment of whooping cough in infants less than 1 month of age?
Clarithromycin
What is the treatment of whooping cough in children aged 1 month or older and non-pregnant adults?
Azithromycin or clarithromycin
What is the treatment of whooping cough in pregnant women?
Erythromycin for pregnant women from 36 weeks gestation
Can clarithryomycin be used with:
a) haloperidol
b) sotalol
c) terfenadine
d) pimozide
None of them, they all prolong QT intervals and so can macrolides.
Are macrolides safe to use in liver failure?
No, excreted mainly by the liver
Ursodeoxycholic Acid is contraindicated in patients with what?
Ursodeoxycholic Acid is contraindicated in patients with acute inflammation of the gall bladder
Which illness is characterised by white spots surrounded by a red ring on the inner cheek and gums?
Measles
Vaccination against this disease is usually given within the first year of life in a combination vaccine with diphtheria, tetanus, haemophilus influenza type b and polio.
Whooping cough
Pregnant women have to be extra cautious to ensure that they will not come into contact with this disease as there is an increased risk of congenital abnormalities?
German measles: rubella
What temperature should pharmacy fridges be maintained between?
2-8*C
What medicines should be taken in the morning and on an empty stomach?
Levothyroxine, lansoprazole and perindopril.
What medicines should be taken after food?
Metformin, NSAIDs, nitrofurantoin (or with).
What medications should be taken with food?
Bulk forming laxatixes (and 300ml).
Aldosterone antagonists
Metformin (With or after)
Nitrofurantoin (or after food)
Can ACEi, gabapentin and phenytoin be given with antacids?
NO
