Approaches part 3 Flashcards
What are the things that you can compare on
determinism
psychology as a science
nature and nurture
an overview
is behaviourist determinist
the consequences of a behaviour determine the likelihood of the behaviour recurring - rewards and punishment, they emphasise the importance of external forces in the environment in shaping our behaviour therefore it is deterministic
is behaviourist nature or nurture
nurture as it is a consequence of our interactions with the environment and the consequences of our behaviour within that environment
is behaviourist committed to psychology as a science
strongly committed
- highly objective
- focuses on responses that can accurately be measured
- allows for a high degree of replication
is social learning theory determinist
relies on observations of others by using vicarious reinforcement and so learning is therefore a large product of our experience, but it is up to the individual to apply these tools
is social learning theory nature or nurture
primarily nurture - people learn through a result of observing others, however the capacity to learn from observation of others have some adaptive value so is likely to be innate therefore nature
is social learning theory committed to psychology as a science
relies of scientific method
- reliable and can be replicated
- allows cause and effect to be drawn to
- carried out in artificial settings therefore lacks ecological validity
is cognitive determinist
no,our own thought processes determine our behaviour therefore the individual has some degree over their behaviour
is cognitive nature or nurture
both - thought processes may be a product of innate factors or our experiences this is nature but problems may arise when people develop irrational thoughts as a result of their experience - nurture
is cognitive scientific
to a degree
- mostly can be easily tested
- mental processes are largely unobservable
- develop models of cognitive processing
Is biological determinism
yes - physiological such as hormones and neurochemical factors control our behaviour which are out of our control
is biological nature or nurture
primarily nature - CNS and endocrine system are product of innate factors so nature
experience may modify these systems - Maguire et al 2000 of London taxi drivers which found structural changes in there brain as having to learn London’s complex road layout
is biological scientific
positive
- influence of neurotransmitters can be investigated by administrating drugs which can change the levels of a particular neurotransmitter in the brain and then measuring any change in behaviour
is psychodynamic determinist
yes - some of our behaviours are caused by unconscious factors that are unknown to us therefore are beyond are conscious control - such as Freudian slips
is psychodynamic nature or nurture
both
- focuses on the nature side in the human being such as the unconscious forces like the demands of the id therefore nature, however we learn to cope with these as a result of upbringing therefore nurture