Approaches

Question 1

What is the definition of Introspection?

Answer 1

The process by which a person gains knowledge of self, through self examination and emotions

Question 2

What did Wilhelm Wundt believe in?

Answer 2

Believed that all aspects of nature, including the human mind could be studied.

Question 3

What is the fundamental belief of the cognitive approach?

Answer 3

It’s the way that we receive and interpret information through internal processes

Question 4

What are schemas

Answer 4

The framework in the brain that helps us to organise and interpret information.

Question 5

What do schemas allow us to do?

Answer 5

Take shortcuts through a mass of information daily

Exclude things that don’t conform to established ideas

Proves how we use and internal process to receive and interpret information

Question 6

What are theoretical and computer models?

Answer 6

Models that show the stages of mental processes in activities, such as memory.

Looks at the way sensory information is encoded, leading to computer analogies of how information is processed and stored.

Question 7

What is cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 7

PET and MRI scans show the brain structures involved in mental processes.

Shows which part of the brain are involved in specific circumstances

Question 8

What did Burnett find in regards to cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 8

Areas in the medial prefrontal cortex are activated when we feel guilt

Question 9

What are the strengths of the cognitive approach?

Answer 9

Real world application

Scientific approach

Question 10

How does real world application provide support for the cognitive approach?

Answer 10

Can be applied in other areas such as psychopathology

has helped psychologists discover how mental illnesses can be developed from previous faulty though processes

Developed successful treatments such as CBT to reduce depressive symptoms

Question 11

How does the scientific approach support support the cognitive approach?

Answer 11

Experimental method makes conclusions more accurate as they’re based off of more than common sense

Helps establish cause and effect

Question 12

What are the limitations of the cognitive approach?

Answer 12

Schemes lead to stereotypes
Computer models
Ignores other aspects

Question 13

How do computer models criticise the cognitive approach?

Answer 13

Cannot generalise the findings to humans as there is a large difference between the information processes that take place in the human mind as computers cannot make mistakes like humans do

Question 14

How does the cognitive approach ignore other aspects?

Answer 14

Fails to tell us why cognitive processes take place as well as ignoring emotion and motivation

Question 15

What are genes?

Answer 15

Heredity is the passing of characteristics from one generation to the next which is why offspring take after their parents in terms of psychological characteristics eg intelligence and aggression.

HOWEVER, the characteristics also depends on the environment

Question 16

What is genotype and phenotype?

Answer 16

Genotype is the genetic code that is written in the DNA of an individual’s cells.

Phenotype- physical appearance which is from the inherited information

Question 17

What are neurones?

Answer 17

Many aspects of behaviour are under neuronal control such as breathing eating and sex

Question 18

What is the brain?

Answer 18

Largest part as the cerebrum makes up 85% it’s responsible for thought and language

Cerebral cortex is the outer surface of the cerebrum which is then divided into 2 hemispheres which are then divided into 4 lobes- frontal paretial temporal and occipital.

Question 19

What is meant by neurochemistry?

Answer 19

Excitatory neurotransmitters trigger impulses and stimulate the brain. Inhibitory neurotransmitters stop impulses, making people more calm

They are released directing into the blood stream to stimulate receptors in cells that change the cell activity.