Applied Psychology Flashcards
explain what industrial/organizational psychology is
is a field that focuses on he psychology of work and on behaviour within organizations
What are the three goals pursued by I/O psychologists
1) helping employers deal with employees fairly
2) helping to make jobs more interesting
3) helping workers to be more productive
explain organizational culture
the blend of customs, beliefs, values, attitudes and rituals within an organization
explain organizational citizenship
making positive contributions to the success of an organization in ways that go beyond ones job description
what are 5 things which could promote workplace anger
1) personality traits
2) job related stress
3) perceived threats
4) work related conflicts
5) economic pressure
what is personal psychology?
a branch of industrial/organizational psychology concerned with testing, selection, placement and promotion of employees
explain what job analysis is
a detailed description of the skills, knowledge and activities required by a particular job
explain the three selection procedures
1) biodata - a detailed biographical information about a job applicant
2) interviews - formal or informal questioning of job applications to learn their qualifications and to gain an impression of their personalities
3) psychological tests to asses mental ability, personal, interest, aptitude and assessment centres which are in depth evaluations of a job applicant
what is performance appraisal (360 degree feedback)
evaluations of employee performance. mainly anonymous, numerical ratings, collected from different perspectives
what is meant by the term job satisfaction
the degree to which a person is comfortable with or satisfied with their work
what are the two factors which contribute to job satisfaction
the extent to which we get along with colleagues and the extent to which there is a good fit between the work being done and employee characteristics
what are two ways which you can improve job satisfaction
1) job enrichment = making a job more personally rewarding, interesting or intrinsically motivating, typically involved increasing worker knowledge
2) Flexible working conditions = flextime and felxplace
explain the leadership style: Theory Y
an approach to leadership that emphasize work efficiency
explain the leadership style: Theory X
a leadership style which emphasizes humans relations at work and that views people as industrious, responsible and interested in challenging work
what is the main goal of transformational leadership
leadership aimed at transforming employees to exceed expectations and look beyond self-interests to help the organization
what are the 4 ways in which transformational leaderships goal can be achieved
1) realized influence
2) inspirational motivations
3) intelectual stimulation
4) individualized consideration
what is a self-managed team
a work group that has a high degree of freedom with respect to how to achieves its goals
what is quality circle
an employee discussion group that makes suggestions got improving quality and solving business problems
what is ecological footprint
the amount of land and water area required to replenish the resources that a human population consumes
what is attentional overload
a stressful condition caused when sensory stimulation, information and social contacts make excessive demands on attention
what is an environmental assessment?
the measurement and analysis of the effects that an environment has on behaviour and perceptions of people within that environment
what do architectural psychologist do
they study the effects that buildings have on behaviour and the design of buildings using behavioural principles
what is legal psychology
the study of psychological and behavioural dimensions of the legal system
what is forensic psychology
the study of clinical aspects of the law
