Applied Exercise Physiology Flashcards
What does exercise do?
increases cardiac output increases heart rate increases respiratory rate deeper breathing rate increases blood pressure release of endorphines skeletal muscle demands oxygen
Effects of thoracic trauma on a patient’s repository system
restrictive disorder
respiratory problems
consequence
restrictive disorder
restriction to increasing lung volume
unable to breathe deeply due to pain and fear
unable to cough as we usually take a deep breath prior to coughing
mechanics of breathing are harder
respiratory problems
atelectasis- area of collapse
retained secretions, unable to cough
poor ventilation
increased work of breathing
consequence
chest infection
decreased gaseous exchange due to Fick’s law
thicker barrier due to increased surface area
lower pressure gradient
shallow breathing, less alveoli, decreases surface area
increased oxygen consumption
Response to exercise following trauma
fear
difficulty increasing depth of breath
reduced diffusion
shallow breathing- pain and fear
Need for exercise
reverse impairments
slow impact of impairments
rehabilitate
prevent complications of mobility
Our role
assessment
short term: treatment
long term: rehab
How can we ensure a patient is safe
check 02 saturation levels respiratory rate and pattern blood pressure drugs muscle condition oint range health rate and rhythm general condition amputtee, 50% more oxygen consumption
What is COPD made up of?
emphysema
chronic bronchitis
asthma
Limitations of lung disease to exercise
reduced diffusion: increased tissue thickness, decreased SA
increased work of breathing: air flow resistance, tissue resistance, altered mechanics
psychological: fear of breathlessness
dome of diaphragm decreases so the ribs have no where to go
benefits of exercising patients with lung disease
improved mechanical efficiency increased Hb concentration increased cardiac hypertrophy can store more oxygen increased mitochondria angiogenesis won't improve lungs but will make them work more efficiently improve o2 carrying capacity due to an increase in myoglobin
What is pulmonary rehab?
educated that breathlessness is a normal response to exercise
Cardiac disease limitations to exercise
impaired increase in CO: limited SV, altered Bp response, reduced perfusion at active muscles, build up of LA due to being anaerobic repsonse
psychological- fear of working the heart
Benefits of exercise for a patient with cardiac disease
increased Hb concentration cardiac hypertrophy increased mitochondria angiogenesis increased myoglobin muscle fibre change from 2b to 2a
