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*CPH Exam 2021 > Application of Theory > Flashcards

Application of Theory Flashcards

1
Q

Theories of Behavior Change (Individual Level)

A
  1. Transtheoretical Model

2. Health Belief Model

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2
Q

social ecological model

A

individual - interpersonal - organizational - community - public policy

explains the relationship b/w socioeconomic status and health by illustrating that health status and social standing are linked to interrelated factors of health

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3
Q

Transtheoretical model: Stages of Change

A
  1. Precontemplation
  2. Contemplation
  3. Preparation
  4. Action
  5. Relapse/Recycle
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4
Q

Pre-contemplation (TTM)

A

no intention of acting within next 6 months

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5
Q

contemplation (TTM)

A

intends to act within next 6 months

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6
Q

preparation (TTM)

A

intends to act within the next thirty days;

some behavioral steps in the direction

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7
Q

action (TTM)

A

has changed behavior for less than 6 months

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8
Q

maintenance (TTM)

A

has maintained behavior change for more than 6 months

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9
Q

relapse/recycle (TTM)

A

revert to prior behavior

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10
Q

consciousness raising (TTM)

A

enhancing knowledge or awareness of health risk and protective factors

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11
Q

dramatic relief (TTM)

A

enhancing emotional reaction to health-risk behaviors

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12
Q

self re-evaluation (TTM)

A

visualizing life without the risky health behavior

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13
Q

environmental re-evaluation (TTM)

A

developing appreciation for how personal behavior affects others

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14
Q

self-liberation (TTM)

A

establishing the belief that one can change and make commitments to change

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15
Q

helping relationships (TTM)

A

obtaining support for the health behavior change

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16
Q

counter-conditioning (TTM)

A

substituting healthy behaviors for unhealthy behaviors

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17
Q

contingency management (TTM)

A

focusing on the consequence of behavior;

reward positive behavior, record progress, change environment

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18
Q

stimulus control (TTM)

A

managing cues that stimulate behavior;

remove cues for unhealthy behavior;

create cues for behavior

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19
Q

social liberation

A

promoting social causes consistent with the desired healthy behavior

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20
Q

Health Belief Model

A

beliefs influence health behaviors

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21
Q

individual perceptions of Health Belief Model

A
  1. perceived susceptibility

2. perceived severity

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22
Q

perceived susceptibility

A

belief of risk for developing condition

ex: My child is very likely to get HPV

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23
Q

perceived severity

A

belief in the seriousness of a condition

ex: the HPV infection can cause a serious disease

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24
Q

Modifying Factors of Health Belief Model

A
  1. Self-efficacy
  2. perceived threat
  3. cues to action
25
Q

self-efficacy

A

confidence in one’s ability to take action and change behavior

26
Q

perceived threat of disease

A

provides motivation for changing behaviors

27
Q

cues to action

A

strategies to activate readiness

28
Q

Likelihood of Action of Health Belief Model

A
  1. perceived benefit
  2. perceived barriers
  3. likelihood of change
29
Q

perceived benefits

A

belief in the positive outcomes of change

ex: the HPV vaccine is very effective at preventing cervical cancer
ex: children should be vaccinated against HPV

30
Q

perceived barriers

A

belief about negative consequences of change

31
Q

likelihood of change

A

whether an individual will make the behavior change

32
Q

Theories of Behavior Change (Interpersonal Level)

A
  1. Theory of Planned Behavior

2. Social Cognitive Theory

33
Q

Behavioral Beliefs (Theory of planned behavior)

A

perception of the behavior

34
Q

attitude (Theory of planned behavior)

A

personal evaluation of the behavior

35
Q

normative beliefs (Theory of planned behavior)

A

perceptions of what other people want or expect

36
Q

control beliefs (Theory of planned behavior)

A

perception of ability to perform a behavior

37
Q

subjective norm (Theory of planned behavior)

A

motivation for change is to gain approval from key folks

38
Q

perceived behavioral control (Theory of planned behavior)

A

belief that one has control over behavior

39
Q

behavior intention (Theory of planned behavior)

A

perceived likelihood of performing behavior

40
Q

behavior (Theory of planned behavior)

A

performance of goal behavior

41
Q

actual behavioral control (Theory of planned behavior)

A

steps towards maintaining behavior

42
Q

social cognitive theory

A

reciprocal determinism

  • person
  • behavior
  • environment
43
Q

social cognitive theory

A

reciprocal determinism

  • person
  • behavior
  • environment
44
Q

personal factors (social cognitive theory)

A

values, beliefs, goals, self-efficacy, expectations

45
Q

behavioral factors (social cognitive theory)

A

actions, choice, statements, learning, achievements

46
Q

environmental factors (social cognitive theory)

A

reinforcement, instruction, feedback, others’ behaviors, condtions

47
Q

Theories of Behavior Change (Community Level)

A
  1. Rogers Diffusion of Innovations
48
Q

roger’s diffusion of innovation

A

process by which an innovation is communicated through channels over time among members of a social system

49
Q

dissemination (Roger’s)

A

planned, systematic efforts designed to make a program or innovation more widely available to a target audience

50
Q

innovation (Roger’s)

A

idea, product, process

51
Q

communication channels (Roger’s)

A

methods to make innovation known to social system

52
Q

time (Roger’s)

A

time it takes for innovation-decision process to occur

-and-

rate of adoption

53
Q

social system (Roger’s)

A

group in which innovation is introduced

54
Q

innovators (Roger’s)

A

first to try, willing to take risks

strategy: very little needs to be done

55
Q

early adopters (Roger’s)

A

opinion leaders, are aware of need to change and are comfortable with adopting

strategy: how to manuals and info sheets

56
Q

early majority adopters (Roger’s)

A

typically need to see evidence to adopt

strategy: success stories and evidence of effectiveness

57
Q

late majority adopters (Roger’s)

A

skeptical of change, will only adopt after it has been tried by the majority

strategy: # of how many have successfully tried

58
Q

laggards (Roger’s)

A

bound by tradition and very conservative;

strategy: statistics, fear appeals, pressure

*CPH Exam 2021 (10 decks)

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