application of ethical theories

Question 1

What did Aquinas believe about animals?

Answer 1

Used Aristotle’s hierarchy of souls
If animals can use plants for food, we can use animals

Question 2

What did Aquinas say God gave us?

Answer 2

Dominion over animals

Question 3

What did Aquinas say about killing another ox?

Answer 3

Killing another persons ox is property theft so its wrong

Question 4

What did Judith Barad say about Aquinas’ view on animals?

Answer 4

Disagreed - if animal is used for food, then thats reasonable; but for shoes, hang bags, clothes etc is wrong

Question 5

What would Aquinas believe about using animals for cloning?

Answer 5

Its not immoral bc animals are human property + experiments may develop cures for human diseases

Question 6

What does the Catholic Church say about using animals for cloning?

Answer 6

It’s acceptable

Question 7

What PP would using animals in cloning preserve?

Answer 7

Preserve human life

Question 8

What did Aquinas say about the pain inflicted on animals during cloning procedures?

Answer 8

If the pain was necessary for the experiment, its okay
If pain was unnecessary then this is morally wrong bc the human may develop the tendency to do the same to humans

Question 9

What did NML think about blood sports?

Answer 9

Humans can use animals for entertainment
Pain inflicted on animal is acceptable + if the animal dies bc of blood sports its acceptable

Question 10

What do some writings from Aquinas make us think about blood sports?

Answer 10

He says humans owe kindness to animals; but blood sports aren’t kind so he prob would be against them

Question 11

What does the safeguard in NML say that allows humans to use animal organs for transplant within reason?

Answer 11

Ban on any attempt to modify the human germline which would be a modification of God’s creation

Question 12

What does the Catholic Church say about animals for organ transplant?

Answer 12

Carried out w due concern for animal pain + suffering

Question 13

What is used to argue for intensive farming in situation ethics?

Answer 13

Millions of undernourished ppl in the world
Most loving thing = increase intensive farming bc it puts ppl first

Question 14

How do some situation ethicists say the meat industry contributes to human starvation?

Answer 14

Cattle consume around 15 times more grain than can be produced in meat so it would be more loving to abandon intensive farming for a productive method

Question 15

What was Fletcher involved in?

Answer 15

Cloning research

Question 16

What did Fletcher advocate for? Why?

Answer 16

Use of animals for scientific procedures bc the means to end is human welfare + it’s pragmatic

Question 17

What does situations ethics say about blood sports?

Answer 17

Doesn’t put human enjoyment before well-being of animals

Question 18

What does situation ethics say blood sports may lead to?

Answer 18

Blood sports may damage the persons character + lead to other forms of violence

Question 19

What would Aristotle think about intensive farming?

Answer 19

He’d have no issue bc animals exist for human use BUT, we don’t know what he’d think today

Question 20

What example can we use for intensive farming of animals in terms of virtue ethics?

Answer 20

Farming of chickens
Overcrowding, fed drugs, legs break, male chicks are left to suffocate in bins bc they can’t lay eggs

Question 21

What would a modern virtue ethics say about intensive farming?

Answer 21

Compassion must apply to all animals: human or non human + factory farming isn’t compassionate

Question 22

What can we use to argue why Aristotle may disagree w factory farming?

Answer 22

What can he point to in factory farms that would make a person more virtuous

Question 23

What would Aristotle think about animal use in cloning?

Answer 23

He used animals in scientific research so he’d regard it as compatible w virtuousness

Question 24

What would Aristotle say regarding animals in cloning in terms of intelligence?

Answer 24

The highest thing in us is reason; intellect is used to do science
Using animals in science extends intellect so is virtuous

Question 25

What virtue is addressed with animal cloning? Why?

Answer 25

Compassion; animals in cloning helps control diseases: HIV/AIDS, cancer, parkinsons etc

Question 26

What might some modern virtue ethicists say about animals in cloning?

Answer 26

Not virtuous bc the animals pain isnt considered; a person of good character would use anaesthetics

Question 27

What does Rosalind Hursthouse say about cloning?

Answer 27

The benefits are out of proportion to the suffering they cause animals

Question 28

What makes it difficult to think about blood sports in virtue ethics?

Answer 28

Hunting in Ancient Athenian society was a common past time + source of food

Question 29

What are modern laws in the UK about fox hunting?

Answer 29

Banned in England, Scotland + Wales

Question 30

What virtue can we talk about with blood sports in virtue ethics?

Answer 30

Virtue of temperance - pleasure at the expense of other living beings isn’t developing good character

Question 31

What did Rosalind Hursthouse say about blood sports?

Answer 31

Show’s vice of callousness

Question 32

What might Aristotle say about animals as source of organs for transplants?

Answer 32

• Approves of scientific research
• Development of knowledge
• Compassion to humans who survive transplants
• Callousness to animals by seeing their lives as disposable