Appetite regulation virutal tutorial

Question 1

Who was the first to describe a physiological model of behaviour, and when?

Answer 1

Descartes in the 17th Century

Question 2

2. Who first described the principles of homeostasis, and when?

Answer 2

Claude Bernard in the 19th Century

Question 3

3. Which new psychobiological procedure did Cannon and Washburn (1912) introduce, and why?

Answer 3

gastric balloon

Washburn indicated hunger by pressing a key and this was compared against the frequency and magnitude of gastric contractions.✅
c. Self-reported experience of hunger recorded alongside pressure changes in stomach.✅

Question 4

Experimental techniques are designed with the purpose of changing physiological or psychological systems in order to measure associated outcomes. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of using such methods.

Answer 4

a. Advantages:
i. Powerful methods, high experimental control
b. Disadvantages:
i. Demand characteristics as in old research both parties✅ ecological validity issue
ii. Invasive strategies✅

Question 5

5. Why might correlational studies be regarded as less powerful than experimental?

Answer 5

a. They don’t necessarily reflect a causal relationship✅

Question 6

6. We have developed some extremely sophisticated methods of measuring energy balance (intake & expenditure). Does this mean that we should abandon self-reports of food intake?

Answer 6

c. Provides complementary data. Vital to assess psychological as well as physiological processes.

Question 7

7. What factors are associated with the amount consumed in a laboratory test meal?

Answer 7

a. The size and macronutrient composition of the meal predicts the timing and size of the next meal.✅
b. Inter-meal interval determined by the duration of the period of depletion in adults.✅
c. In babies the size of the meal is determined by the duration of the period of depletion as they are depletion-driven.✅
d. So, in adults, eating is likely to occur when the inhibitory effects of the previous meal have dissipated rather than a function of deprivation✅
e. Eating with familiars or strangers impacts the amount of food eaten✅

Question 8

8. Why is the physiological-psychological dichotomy in the study of food intake a false one?

Answer 8

c. Reflect different aspects of the same system