App B Clinical Flashcards
roots
essential basic meaning of the word
Suffixes
end of root and make the word more specific
Prefixes
beginning of root to make word more specific
combining vowels
added b/w root and suffix to make a new word easier to pronounce,
anatomy
study of the body
normal anatomical position
standing upright, facing forward, feet slightly apart, arms to the side, palms facing forward
anatomical planes
standard points of reference, like a pane of glass
sagittal plane
vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides
transverse plane
horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower segments
frontal (coronal) plane
vertical plane that divides the body into front and back segments
medial plane
closer to mid-saggital plane toward the inner side or middle,
the nose is medial to the eyes
lateral
further away from mid-saggital plane of the body (toward the outer side) ears are lateral to the nose
superior
closer to the top of the body, chin is superior to the breast
inferior
further from the top of the body and
closer to the feet,
belly button is inferior to breast
anterior
toward the front VENTRAL surface
posterior
toward the back DORSAL
proximal
closer to the point of origin in relationship to something else
elbow is proximal to wrist
distal
further from point of origin in relationship to something else
wrist is distal to elbow
cavity
hollow space
body cavities
hollow space with organs,
2 major Ventral and thoracic,
plus dorsal - at the back with spine and spinal column
Dorsal cavity
brain and spinal cord at back of body
ventral cavity
divided by diaphragm into thoracic (chest) and abdominal (belly)
thoracic cavity
- lungs,
- heart,
- large blood vessels that leave the heart,
- most of esophagus
Upper Abdominal Cavity
stomach, liver, pancreas, spleen, lower intestine, small intestine
sssllp
lower abdominal cavity
called PELVIC CAVITY urinary bladder, rectum, female reproductive organs, kidneys are behind abdominal cavity
urfk
abdominopelvic cavity
upper and lower abdominal cavity
Quadants
Right upper
left upper,
Right, lower
left lower,
stomach divided into quarters to help pinpoint pain
Regions
smaller section of the abdomin, three rows of three
9 regions
Right hypochondriac left hypochondriac (below ribs), epigastric (above stomach), R and L lumbar, umbilicus, R and L illiac and hypogastric
r hypochondraic, epigastric left
r lumbar umbilicus left lumbar
r illiac hypograstric left illiac
abbreviations
shortened versions of words or phrases, used to make recording more efficient RUQ (right upper Quandrant) or latin words
abdomin/o
abdomen
aden/o
gland
adip/o
fat
adren/o
adrenal glands
angi/o
vessel (usually blood or lymph)
arteri/o
artery
blephar/o
eyelid
bronchi/o
bronchus
calc/o
calcium
carcin/o
cancer
cardi/o
heart
cephal/o
head
cerbr/o
cerebrum (brain)
chol/e
bile, gall
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
choledoch/o
bile duct
chondr/o
rib or cartilage
col/o
colon
cost/o
ribs
crani/o
cranium (skull)
cutane/o
skin
cyan/o
blue
cyst/o
bladder
dent/o
teeth
dermat/o
skin
dipl/o
double
electr/o
electric
encephal/o
brain
enter/o
small intestine or intestine
erythr/o
red
esophag/o
esophagus
femor/o
femur
gastr/o
stomach
gingiv/o
gum
gluc/o, glyc/o
sugar, glucose
gynec/o
woman, female
hemangi/o
blood vessel
hemat/o
blood
hepat/o
liver
hydr/o
water
hyster/o
uterus
irid/o
iris
lapar/o
abdomen
laryng/o
larynx
leuk/o
white
lingu/o
tongue
lip/o
fat
lith/o
stone
lumb/o
lumbar - lower back
lyphangi/o
lymph vessel
mamm/o and mast/o
breast
megal/o
enlargement
melan/o
black
mening/o
meninges
men/o
menses, menstuation
muc/o
mucus
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow
my/o
muscle
myring/o
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
nas/o
nose
necr/o
death
nephr/o
kidney
neur/o
nerve
noct/o
night
odont/o
teeth
oophor/o
ovary
ophthalm/o
eye
orchi/o
testis
os/o
mouth
oste/o
bone
ot/o
ear
pancreat
pancreas
pelvi/o
pelvis
pharyng/o
pharynx (throat)
phleb/o
vein
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o
lung, air
proct/o
anus and rectum
pyel/o
renal pelvis
radi/o
x-rays, radiation
ren/o
kidney
rentin/o
retina
rhin/o
nose
salping/o
fallopian tube
scler/o
hardening, sclera (white of the eye)
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
spermat/o
sperm
spin/o
spine
spondyl/o
vertebra (backbone)
stern/o
sternum, breastbone
stomato/o
mouth
tend/o
tendon
therm/o
heat
thorac/o
chest
thromb/o
blood clot
thyr/o
thyroid gland
toxic, tox/o
poison
trache/o
trachea (windpipe)
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
ur/o
urine
uter/o
uterus
vagin/o
vagina
vascul/o
blood vessel
vas/o
vas deferens, vessel
ven/o
vein
ventricul/o
ventricle (of brain or heart)
vesic/o
bladder
vertebr/o
vertebra (backbone)
