Apoptosis

Question 1

How can you distinguish between apoptosis and necrosis?

Answer 1

Nuclear collapse occurs in apoptosis only.

Question 2

What does the Bcl family do?

Answer 2

They prevent apoptosis.

Question 3

Describe the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis:

Answer 3

Bcl –l apoptosis.
BIM (a pro-apoptotic signal) –l Bcl.
Bax and Bak (apoptosis signals) –>cytochrome c to leave the mitochondria.
Cytc-C associates with Apaf-1 –> into the cell.
Apaf-1 –>caspase 9 –> caspase 3 (executioner).

Summary from lecture: Cas9–> Cas3–>apoptosis

Question 4

Describe the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis:

Answer 4

Transmembrane protein FAS signals FADD
FADD–>Cas8
Cas8–>Cas3
Cas3–> Apoptosis

Question 5

Under mild damage conditions, which is more likely to undergo apoptosis, a macrophage or a lymphocyte?

Answer 5

Lymphocyte