APGov Ch.3 Angelina Zamora

Question 1

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 1

16ht president of the united states, the first elected Republican president, who served from 1861-1865. lincoln who led the union during the civil war was assassinated in 1865 by a Confederate sympathizer, John Wilkes Booth

Question 2

Andrew Jackson

Answer 2

17th president of the united states a Republican who served from 1865-1869 Johnson had served as Lincolns vice president and because president after Lincoln was assassinated

Question 3

Barack Obama

Answer 3

the first African American president of the US a Democrat who served as 44th president from 2009-2017 senator from Illinois from 2005-2008 member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004

Question 4

Barron v Baltimore

Answer 4

Supreme Court ruling that, before the civil war, limited the applicability of the Bill of Rights in the pre-civil era

Question 5

Bill of attainder

Answer 5

a law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial

Question 6

block grant

Answer 6

a large grant given to a state by the federal government with only general spending guidelines

Question 7

Calvin Coolidge

Answer 7

30th president of the US a Republican who served from 1923 to 1929

Question 8

Categorical Grants

Answer 8

Grants the appropriate federal funds to states for a specific purpose

Question 9

Civil war

Answer 9

The military conflict from 1861 to 1865 in the united states between the Northern forces of the union and the Southern forces of the Confederacy. Over 600,000 Americans lost their lives during this war

Question 10

charter

Answer 10

a document that like a constitution specifies the bais policies procedures and institutions of local government. Chartes for local governments must be approved by state legislature

Question 11

concurrent powers

Answer 11

powers shared by the national and state governments

Question 12

confederate states of America

Answer 12

The political system created by the 11 states that seceded from the Union during the Civil War, which ceased to exist upon the Union victory

Question 13

confederation

Answer 13

type of government in which the national government derives power from states; a league of independent states

Question 14

cooperative federalism

Answer 14

the intertwined relationship between national state and local governments that began with the new deal; often referred to as marble-cake federalism

Question 15

counites

Answer 15

the basic administrative units of local government

Question 16

democracy

Answer 16

gov that gives power to the people whether directly or through elected representatives

Question 17

Dillions Rule

Answer 17

a premise articulated by john f dillion in 1868 which states that local governments do not have any inherent sovereignty and instead must be authorized by state governments that can create or abolish them

Question 18

Dred Scott v Sandford

Answer 18

A Supreme Court decision that ruled then Missouri compromise unconstitutional and denied citizenship rights to enslaved African Americans. Dred Scott heightened tensions between the proslavery South and the abolitionist North in the run-up to the civil war

Question 19

dual federalism

Answer 19

The belief that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement often referred to as a layer-cake federalism

Question 20

enumerated powered

Answer 20

powers of national government specifically granted to Congress in article 1 section 8 of the constitution

Question 21

ex-post facto law

Answer 21

a law that makes an act punishable as a crime even f the action was legal at the time it was committed

Question 22

extradition clause

Answer 22

part of article 4 of the constitution that requires states to extradite or return criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial

Question 23

federal system

Answer 23

a system of government in which the national government and state government share power and derive al authority from the people

Question 24

Franklin D Roosevelt

Answer 24

32 president a Democrat who served from 1933-1945. FDR’s leadership took the united states through the Great Depression and WW2

Question 25

full faith and credit clause

Answer 25

section of article 4 of the constitution that ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other states

Question 26

Gibbons v Ogden

Answer 26

The Supreme Court upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce. The Court’s board interpretation of the constitutions commerce clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers.

Question 27

Great society

Answer 27

reform program began in 1964 by president Lyndon B Johnson that was a broad attempt to combat poverty and discrimination through urban renewal education reform and unemployment relief

Question 28

Herbert Hoover

Answer 28

31st president of the US republican who served from 1929 to 1933 during the start of the great depression

Question 29

implied powers

Answer 29

the powers of the national government derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause

Question 30

interstate compacts

Answer 30

contracts between states that carry the force of law; generally now used as a tool to address multistate policy concerns

Question 31

Iroquois Confederacy

Answer 31

A political alliance of American Indian tribes established in the seventeenth century that featured aspects of the federal system of government adapted by the farmers

Question 32

John C Calhoun

Answer 32

A politician and political theorist from South Carolina who supported slavery and states rights in the pre-civil war era and served as vice president from 1825-1832

Question 33

John Marshall

Answer 33

the longest-serving supreme court chief justice, Marshall served from 1801 to 1835. Marshalls decision in Marbury v Madison established the principle of judicial review in united states

Question 34

Lyndon B Johnson

Answer 34

36th president of the united states a Democrat who served from 1964-1969 LBJ led the nation during the Civil Rights era and the Vietnam War

Question 35

McCulloch v Maryland

Answer 35

Upheld power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the constitutions supremacy clause. The court’s broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers

Question 36

monarchy

Answer 36

A form of government in which power is vested in hereditary kings and queens who govern the entire society

Question 37

municipalities

Answer 37

city government created in response to the emergence of relatively densely populated areas

Question 38

New Deal

Answer 38

the name given to the program of relief recovery reform begin by FDR in 1933 to bring the US out of the great depression

Question 39

New Federalism

Answer 39

Federal-state relationship proposed by the Regan administration during the 1980s; Hallmark is returning administrative powers to the state governments

Question 40

nullification

Answer 40

The belief in the right of a state to declare void a federal law

Question 41

oligarchy

Answer 41

gov in which the right to participate depends on the possession of wealth social statues military position or achievement

Question 42

privileges and immunities clause

Answer 42

part of article 4 of the constitution guaranteeing that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states

Question 43

programmatic requests

Answer 43

federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional district; who called earmarks

Question 44

progressive federalism

Answer 44

a pragmatic approach to federalism that views relations between national and state governments as both coercive and cooperative

Question 45

reconstruction

Answer 45

the period from 1865-1877 after the civil war in which the U.S military occupied and dominated the 11 former states of the Confederacy

Question 46

reserved powers

Answer 46

powers reserved to the states by the tenth amendment that lies at the foundation of states right to legislate for the public health and welfare of its citizens

Question 47

Roger B Taney

Answer 47

Supreme Court Chief Justice who served from 1835-1864, Taney supported slavery and states’ rights in the pre-civil war era

Question 48

Ronald Reagen

Answer 48

40th president of the US a Republican who served from 1981- 1989. Regan led the nation through the end of the cold war and his leadership led to a national shift toward political conservatism

Question 49

secession

Answer 49

A unilateral assertion of independence by a geographic region within a country The 11 Southern states making up the Confederacy during the civil war seceded from the United States

Question 50

Seventeenth Amendment

Answer 50

Amendment to the US Constitution that authorized Congress to enact a national income tax

Question 51

sixteenth amendment

Answer 51

made senators directly elected by the people removing their selection by the state legislatures

Question 52

special district

Answer 52

a local government that is restricted to a particular

Question 53

tenth amendment

Answer 53

final part of the bill of rights that defines the basic principle of american federalism in stating that the powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the states or to the people

Question 54

totalitarianism

Answer 54

gov in which power resides in leaders who rule by force in their own self-interest and without regard to rights and liberties

Question 55

unitary system

Answer 55

gov in which the local and regional gov derive all authority from a strong national government