APGov Ch.12 Angelina.Zamora Flashcards

1
Q

501 group

A

interest group whose primary purpose is not electing electoral politics

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2
Q

527 political committees

A

organizations created with primary purpose of influencing electoral outcomes the term is typically applied only to freestanding interest groups that do not explicitly advocate for the election of candidates

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3
Q

Barack Obama

A

the first African American president of the US a democrat senator from Illinois

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4
Q

Bernie Sanders

A

longest serving independent in the united states congress. ran against Hilary Clinton in the 2016 Democratic presidential primary senator from Vermont since 2007 first elected to the house of representatives in 1991

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5
Q

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act

A

Passes in 2002 this act amended the federal election campaign act of 1071 with several provisions designed to end the use of nonfederal or soft money for activity affecting federal elections

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6
Q

campaign consultant

A

a private sector professional who sells to a candidate the technologies services and strategies required to get that candidate elected

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7
Q

campaign manager

A

the individual who travels with the candidate and coordinates the campaign

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8
Q

Citizens United v FEC

A

the 2010 US Supreme court case that enabled corporations and unions have the same political speech rights as individuals under the first amendment

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9
Q

closed primary

A

A primary election in which only a party’s registered voters are eligible to cast a ballot

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10
Q

communications director

A

the person who develops the overall media strategy for the candidate

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11
Q

Contrast ad

A

ad that compares the records and proposals of the candidates with a bias toward the candidate sponsoring the ad

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12
Q

Conventional political participation

A

activism that attempts to influence the political process through commonly accepted forms of persuasion such as voting or letter writing

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13
Q

crossover voting

A

Participation in the primary election of a party with which the voter is not affiliated.

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14
Q

Donald J Trump

A

The forty-fifth president and Republican elected in 2016 first president elected without prior political or military experience; and experienced businessman

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15
Q

elector

A

member of the electoral college

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16
Q

electorate

A

the citizens eligible to vote

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17
Q

electorate college

A

representatives of each state who cast the final ballots that actually elect a president

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18
Q

Federal Election Campaign Act

A

passed in 1971 this is the primary law that regulates political campaign spending and fundraising the law originally focused on increased disclosure of contributions for federal campaigns

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19
Q

Federal Election Commission

A

an independent regulatory agency founded in 1975 by the united states congress to regulate the campaign finance legislation in the united states.

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20
Q

finance chair

A

the individual who coordinates the financial business of thee campaign

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21
Q

front-loading

A

the tendency of states to choose an early date on the nomination calendar

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22
Q

general election

A

the election in which voters decide which candidate will actually fill elective public offices

23
Q

get-out-the-note

A

a push at the end of political campaign to encourage supports to go to the polls.

24
Q

help america vote act

A

a federal law passed in 2001 that addresses issues of voting systems and voter access that were identifiedfollowing the 2000 election. it est min election administration standards for states and units of local government with responsibility for the administration of federal elections and for other purposes related to the bill

25
Q

Hillary R Clinton

A

First female major party candidate for president of the united states a democrat who ran against president trump secretary state new york senator former first lady

26
Q

incumbency

A

already holding an office

27
Q

independent expenditures

A

spending or campaign activity that is not coordinated with a candidates campaign

28
Q

initiative

A

an election that allows citizens to propose legislation or state constitutional amendments by submitting them to the electorate for popular vote

29
Q

inoculation ad

A

advertising that attempts to counteract an anticipated attack from the opposition before the attack is launched

30
Q

mandate

A

a command indicated by an electorate’s votes for the elected officials to carry out a party platform or policy agenda

31
Q

matching funds

A

donations to presidential campaigns whereby every dollar raised from individuals in amounts less than 251 are matched by federal treasury

32
Q

McCutcheon v FEC

A

the 2014 supreme court ruling that declared section 441 of the federal election campaign act unconstitutional. section 411 imposed limits on any individuals total political contribution in a two-year period

33
Q

mid-term election

A

an election that takes place in the middle of the presidential term

34
Q

negative ad

A

advertising on behalf of a candidate that attacks the opponents character or platform.

35
Q

open primary

A

A primary election in which party members independents and sometimes members of the other party are allowed to participate.

36
Q

Politcal action committee

A

officially recognized fund-raising organizations that represent interest groups and are allowed by federal law to make contributions directly to candidate campaigns

37
Q

pollster

A

a campaign consultant who conducts public opinion surveys

38
Q

positive ad

A

advertising on behalf of a candidate the stresses the candidate’s qualifications family and issue positions with no direct reference to the opponent.

39
Q

presidential coattails

A

when successful presidential candidates carry into office congressional candidates of the same party in the year of their election

40
Q

press secretary

A

the individual charged with interacting and communicating with journalists on a daily basis

41
Q

primary election

A

Election in which voters decide which of the candidates within a party will represent the party in the general election.

42
Q

prospective judgment

A

a voters evaluation of a candidate based on what he or she pledges to do about an issue if elected.

43
Q

public funds

A

donations from general tax revenues to campaigns of qualifying presidential candidates

44
Q

reapportionment

A

the reallocation of the number of seats in the house of representatives after each decennial census

45
Q

recall

A

an election in which voter can remove an incumbent from office prior to the next scheduled election

46
Q

referendum

A

an election whereby the state legislature submits proposed legislation or state constitutional amendments to the voters for approval

47
Q

retrospective judgment

A

a voters evaluation of a candidate based on past performance on a particular issue

48
Q

runoff primary

A

a second primary election between the two candidates receiving the greatest number of votes in the first primary

49
Q

super PAC

A

political action committees established to make independent expenditures

50
Q

turnout

A

the proportion of the voting age public that casts a ballot

51
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

Principle drafter of the delaration of independence second vice president of the united states thrid president of the united states from 1801-1809 Co-founder of the democratic-republian party

52
Q

unconventional political participation

A

activism that attempts to influence the political process through unusual or extreme measures such as protests boycotts and picketing.

53
Q

voter canvass

A

the process by which campaign reaches individual voters either by door to door solicitation or by telephone