APGOV Ch.11 vocab.Kamya.Auberry Flashcards

1
Q

Barack Obama

A

The first African American president of the United States, a Democrat, who served as forty-fourth president from 2009 to 2017. Senator form Illinois from 2005 to 2008; member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.

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2
Q

candidate- centered politics

A

Politics that focus on the candidates, their particular issues, and character rather than party affiliation.

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3
Q

critical elections

A

An election that signals a party realignment through voter polarization around new issues and personalities.

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4
Q

delegate

A

Role played by representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to Congress or a representative to the party convention.

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5
Q

Donald J. Trump

A

The forty-fifth president, a Republican, elected in 2016; first president elected without prior political pr military experience; an experienced businessman.

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6
Q

Hillary R. Clinton

A

First female major party candidate for president of the United States, a Democrat, who ran against President Donald J. Trump in 2016. Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013; New York senator from 2001 to 2009; former first lady.

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7
Q

national convention

A

A party meeting held in the presidential election year for the purposes of nominating a presidential and vice presidential ticket and adopting a platform.

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8
Q

national party platform

A

A statement of the general and specific philosophy and policy goals of a political party, usually promulgated at the national convention.

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9
Q

party identification

A

A citizens attachment to a political party based on issues, ideology, past experience, or upbringing, which tends to be a reliable indicator of likely voting choices.

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10
Q

partisan polarization

A

The presence of increasingly conflicting and divided viewpoints between the Democratic and Republican Parties.

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11
Q

party realignment

A

Dramatic shifts in partisan preferences that drastically alter the political landscape.

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12
Q

political machine

A

A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity.

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13
Q

political party

A

An organized group that may include office holders, candidates, activist, and voters who pursue their common interests by gaining and exercising power through the electoral process.

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14
Q

proportional representation

A

A voting system that apportions legislative seats according to the percentage of the vote won by a particular political party.

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15
Q

secular realignment

A

The gradual rearrangement of party coalitions, based more on demographic shifts than on shocks to the political system.

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16
Q

superdelegate

A

Delegate to the Democratic party’s national convention that is reserved for a party official and whose vote at the convention is unpledged to a candidate.

17
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

Principle drafter of the Declaration of independence; second vice president of the United States; third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Co-founder of the Democratic- Republican Party.

18
Q

winner-take-all system

A

An electoral system in which the party that receives at least one more vote any other party wins the election.