Apartheid Flashcards
What was Apartheid?
A system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s.
True or False: Apartheid laws classified people into four racial groups.
True
What were the main racial classifications under Apartheid?
White, Black, Coloured, and Indian.
Fill in the blank: The National Party implemented Apartheid in _____ year.
1948
What was the purpose of the Group Areas Act of 1950?
To segregate residential areas by race.
Which law prohibited interracial marriage in South Africa during Apartheid?
The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act of 1949.
True or False: The African National Congress (ANC) was formed in response to Apartheid.
True
Who was the first black president of South Africa after the end of Apartheid?
Nelson Mandela.
What was the Sharpeville Massacre?
A 1960 incident where police opened fire on a peaceful protest against pass laws, killing 69 people.
What were pass laws?
Laws that required Black South Africans to carry passbooks to travel in certain areas.
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a major protest movement against Apartheid in the 1980s.
UDF (United Democratic Front)
Which international actions were taken against South Africa during Apartheid?
Economic sanctions, cultural boycotts, and divestment campaigns.
What was the Soweto Uprising?
A student-led protest in 1976 against the use of Afrikaans in schools, leading to violent clashes.
True or False: The end of Apartheid was marked by the first multiracial elections in 1994.
True
What role did the Truth and Reconciliation Commission play after Apartheid?
It aimed to address past human rights violations and promote national healing.
What was the significance of the 1990 release of Nelson Mandela?
It symbolized the beginning of the end of Apartheid and the start of negotiations for a democratic South Africa.
Who was Desmond Tutu?
A prominent anti-Apartheid activist and Archbishop known for his advocacy of non-violence.
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a key document that outlined the principles for a new South Africa post-Apartheid.
Freedom Charter
What was the role of the United Nations regarding Apartheid?
The UN condemned Apartheid and called for its end, imposing sanctions against South Africa.
What did the Bantu Education Act of 1953 establish?
A separate and inferior education system for Black South Africans.
True or False: Apartheid officially ended in 1994.
True
What was the impact of the 1989 reforms by President F.W. de Klerk?
They led to the dismantling of Apartheid laws and the release of political prisoners.
What was the main goal of the African National Congress?
To end Apartheid and establish a democratic South Africa.
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a series of protests and strikes against Apartheid in the 1980s.
Mass Democratic Movement
What did the term ‘Separate Development’ refer to?
The policy of creating separate territories for different racial groups in South Africa.
Who was Steve Biko?
An anti-Apartheid activist and leader of the Black Consciousness Movement.
