AP Psychology - Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

psychological disorder

A

syndrome marked by clinically significant disturbance in individuals cognition, behavior, or emotion regulation

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2
Q

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

psychological disorder marked by appearance at 7 years old; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

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3
Q

medical model

A

concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and (in most cases) cured

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4
Q

biological influences

A

evolution, individual genes, and brain structure/chemistry

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5
Q

psychological influences

A

stress, trauma, learned helplessness, and mood-related perceptions/memories

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6
Q

social-cultural influences

A

roles, expectations, definitions of normality and disorder

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7
Q

DSM-5

A

American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; classifying psychological disorders

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8
Q

ICD-10

A

codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, external causes, etc.

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9
Q

Philippe Pinel

A

humane treatment of the mentally ill

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10
Q

Dorothea Dix

A

fought for better conditions in prisons and asylums; rehabilitation in the treatment of criminals and mentally ill

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11
Q

schizophrenia

A

psychological disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, inappropriate emotional expression, and disorganized speech

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12
Q

psychosis

A

person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

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13
Q

neurosis

A

emotional disturbance characterized by excessive anxiety, can function in life

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14
Q

delusions

A

false beliefs

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15
Q

hallucinations

A

false sensory experiences

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16
Q

acute schizophrenia

A

recovery is likely, life stressors

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17
Q

chronic schizophrenia

A

recovery is doubtful, slow-developing process

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18
Q

abnormal brain activity

A

low activity in frontal lobes, dopamine over-activity, and decline in brain waves

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19
Q

genetics

A

environmental factors (stress) can “turn on” genes that predispose schizophrenia

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20
Q

obsession

A

anxious thoughts

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21
Q

compulsion

A

behaviors to decrease anxiety

22
Q

U(njustifiable) M(aladaptive) A(typical) D(isturbing)

A

varies with culture and time period

23
Q

somatic symptom disorder

A

psychological disorder in which symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause

24
Q

conversion disorder (somatoform)

A

person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms that have no physiological basis

25
illness anxiety (somatoform)
person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease (paranoid)
26
dissociative identity disorder
rare dissociative disorder where a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities (unconscious)
27
anorexia nervosa
eating disorder where person (usually adolescent female) maintains starvation diet despite being underweight
28
bulimia nervosa
eating disorder where person alternates binge eating with purging or fasting
29
binge-eating disorder
significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt (without purging or fasting)
30
personality disorder
psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
31
antisocial personality disorder
a personality disorder where a person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing (wild)
32
borderline PD
engaging in risky behaviors (wild)
33
histrionic PD
attention seeking, uncomfortable in situations that don't revolve around them (wild)
34
narcissistic PD
large "ego" and constant need of admiration (wild)
35
schizoid PD
loner, difficult for them to read emotions, appears emotionless (odd)
36
schizotypal PD
lacking relationships, has very strange beliefs (odd)
37
paranoid PD
general distrust in others (odd)
38
dependent
lack of self confidence, difficult for them to make decisions for themselves (worried)
39
avoidant
extreme fear of rejection (worried)
40
obsessive-compulsive
extreme perfectionism (worried)
41
major depressive disorder
anxiety, insomnia, depressive episodes
42
bipolar I disorder
episodes of mania (escalated), depressive episodes
43
bipolar II disorder
episodes of hypomania (mild), depressive episodes
44
seasonal affective disorder
change in melatonin or seretonin, caused by change in climate/amount of sunlight
45
dysthymia
depression and low self-esteem over 2 years (not as severe)
46
dissociative identity disorder
amnesia - memory loss fugue - adopts new identity
47
obsessive-compulsive disorder
obsessive thought (fear based), anxiety, compulsion (action based), temporary relief
48
generalized anxiety disorder
extreme anxiousness, restless, irritated
49
panic disorder
sudden panic attacks, overwhelming anxiety
50
post traumatic stress disorder
flashbacks and nightmares, severe anxiety