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AP Psychology > AP Psych States of Consciousness Vocab > Flashcards

AP Psych States of Consciousness Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

an awareness of ourselves and our environment

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2
Q

Altered States of Consciousness (ASC)

A

a state of conscious where there’s a shift in the quality of mental activity as compared to waking consciousness

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3
Q

meditation

A

a form of mental training where you try to focus your mind on your experiences in the present moment

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4
Q

sleep

A

body’s biological rhythms. it lacks full awareness but the brain is still active

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5
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

cycles that fluctuate on a 24 hour cycle (16 awake 8 sleep). Affects metabolism, hormones, sleep, melatonin production and wakefulness.

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6
Q

REM sleep

A

Dream stage of sleep. Also known as paradoxical sleep because your mind is aware, but your body is paralyzed except for the occasional twitch.

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7
Q

Daydreaming

A

variation of consciousness in which attention shifts to memories, expectations, desires or fantasies and away from the immediate situation

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8
Q

Alpha waves

A

occurs during REM sleep and wakefulness. Physically and mentally relaxed, aware but drowsy. Waves are between 7 and 12 Hz.

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9
Q

Stage 1 - NREM 1

A

It is almost like daydreaming, except we are beginning to fall asleep. this kind of sleep is full of hypnagogic sensations and hallucinations

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10
Q

hallucinations

A

sensory experiences that occur without a sensory stimulation. Occurs during NREM 1

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11
Q

hypnagogic sensations

A

the sensation of falling or floating weightlessly. Occurs during NREM 1

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12
Q

delta waves

A

up to 4 Hz, very deep sleep, loss of bodily awareness. occur in stage 4 sleep

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13
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

A

a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls our circadian rhythm

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14
Q

Adaptation/protection theory of sleep

A

The theory of sleep that suggest we sleep because in the past, it was more dangerous for us to be awake at night due to predators, so we slept to conserve energy and stay safe

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15
Q

repair/restoration theory of sleep

A

theory of sleep that says sleep allows for the body to repair and replete cellular components necessary for biological functions that become depleted throughout an awake day.

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16
Q

growth/development theory of sleep

A

theory of sleep that says sleep is necessary for neural reorganization and growth of the brain’s structure and function

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17
Q

learning/memory theory of sleep

A

the of sleep that says memory is encoded during REM sleep.

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18
Q

insomnia

A

inability to fall asleep, stay asleep and get good sleep. thought to be caused by anxiety

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19
Q

narcolepsy

A

randomly falling asleep during the day. thought to be triggered by emotion

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20
Q

sleep apnea

A

stop breathing during sleep

20
Q

nightmares

A

bad dreams during REM sleep

21
Q

sleep terrors

A

synonym of night terrors

22
Q

night terrors

A

extreme fear, screaming, or running around during sleep without waking fully. oftentimes the person does not remember it happening in the morning.

23
Q

dreams

A

any images, thoughts and emotions that are experienced during sleep

24
Q

wish-fulfillment view of dreams

A

developed from Freud; said we have dreams to fulfill our erotic wishes that would be threatening if they were expressed directly

25
Q

manifest content of dreams

A

the apparent and remembered story line from your dreams is actually a censored, symbolic version of latent content

25
Q

activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreams

A

our brain stem has a lot of random neural activity which causes our dreams

25
Q

latent content of dreams

A

unconscious drives and wishes from your dreams that would be threatening if expressed directly (a gun could symbolize a penis)

25
Q

cognitive view of dreams

A

we dream so our brain can mature

26
Q

REM Rebound

A

after long periods of sleep deprivation, we have longer, more intense periods of REM sleep when we go to sleep.

27
Q

Psychoactive drug

A

a chemical that changes our state of consciousness by influencing how neurotransmitters operate at the synapses in the central nervous system

27
Q

substance use disorder

A

continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

27
Q

tolerance

A

when the body gets used to a drug, you need more of it to get the same effects

28
Q

withdrawal

A

your body’s physical dependence on a drug after awhile. can lead to sweating, fevers, etc.

28
Q

depressant

A

slow down the central nervous system. reduces tension and inhibitions. impairs our judgement, concentration and motor activity

29
Q

alcohol

A

any drink containing ethyl

29
Q

alcohol use disorder

A

also known as alcoholism, is when you’re addicted to alcohol

30
Q

addiction

A

experience compulsive, uncontrollable cravings for a drug. can lead to a lack of impulse control, or continuing to pursue the drug even though there are bad things happening because of the drug

31
Q

barbiturates

A

addictive sedative-hypnotic drugs that bind with your GABA neurotransmitter. (major tranquilizers)

31
Q

opiates

A

derived from opium, they depress your CNS, and make your brain stop producing endorphins

32
Q

stimulant

A

lead to more activity in your central nervous system

32
Q

nicotine

A

an alkaloid obtained primarily from the tobacco plant (

33
Q

amphetamines

A

manufactured in a lab. more dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine

33
Q

cocaine

A

most powerful stimulant. makes you excited, energetic, talkative and possibly euphoric.

34
Q

methamphetamine

A

a really, really bad amphetamine

35
Q

ecstasy (MDMA)

A

Synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen that makes euphoria and social intimacy, also called the “club drug”, causes dangerous level of dehydration and lowers blood pressure to extent of death in some cases, makes feel happy for short time, leading to depression later.

36
Q

hallucinogens

A

changes perceptions of reality. can led to sensory hallucinations and loss of identity.

37
Q

LSD

A

powerful hallucinogen that can cause hallucinations

38
Q

THC

A

what makes you feel “high” from marijuana. Can act as a stimulant, depressant, and a hallucinogen.

AP Psychology (11 decks)

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