AP Gov ch.5 Mariana Sanchez-Monke Flashcards
Harriet Tubman
born a slave in maryland in the early 1820s, Tubman escaped to freedom and became a conductor on the underground railroad. She led more than seventy in the union during the civil war, and championed women;s suffrage
abolitionist
a supporter, especially in the early nineteenth century, of ending the institution of slavery
civil rights
the government-protected rights of individuals against arbitrary or discrimination treatment by governments or individuals
equal protections clause
section of the fourteenth amendment that guarantees that all citizens receive “equal protection of the laws
frederick douglass
a former slave born in the early 1800s who became a leading abolitionist, writer, and suffragist
elizabeth cady stanton
leading nineteenth-century feminist, suffragist, and abolitionist who, along with Lucretia Mott, organized the Seneca falls convention. Stanton later founded the national womens suffrage association with susan b. anthony
lucretia mott
leding nineteenth century feminist, suffragist, and abolitionist who, along, with elizabeth cady stanton, organized the seneca falls convention
seneca falls convention
the first major feminist meeting, held in new york in 1848 which produced the historic “decloration of of sentiments” calling for equal rights for womens
dred scott v. sandford (1857)
a supreme court decision that ruled the missouri compromise unconstitutional and denied citizenship rights to enslaved african americans. dred scott heightened tensions between the pro slavery south and abolitionist north in the run up to the civil war
emancipation proclamation
president abraham lincoln issued this proclamation on January 1, 1863, in the third yeaar of the civil war. it freed all slaves in states that were in active rebellion against the united states
thirteenth amendment
one of three major amendments ratified after the civil war specifically bans slavery in the united states
fourteenth amendment
one of the three major amendments ratified after the civil war; guarantees equal protection and due process of the law to all U.S citizens
fifteenth amendment
Prohibits the federal governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen’s “race, and state color, or previous condition of servitude
Susan B. Anthony
Devoted to the women’s right movement; made speeches and organized state and national conventions on women’s rights; collected signatures for a petition to grant women the right to vote and own property
Civil Rights Act of 1875
passed legislation that guaranteed access to transportation and hotels for all blacks; repealed blacks codes and removed restrictions on workers; prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection; became a watered down bill that the Supreme Court eventually struck down
Jim Crow
Laws written to separate blacks and whites in public areas/meant African Americans had unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and government
Poll tax
a tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote
granfather clause
a clause that allowed individuals who did not pass the literacy test to vote if their fathers or grandfathers had voted before Reconstruction began; an exceptionto a law based on preexisting circumstances
Progressive Era
movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
The state of Louisiana enacted a law that required separate railway cars for blacks and whites. In 1892, Homer Plessy–who was 1/8 black –took a seat in a “whites only” car of a Louisiana train. He refused to move to the car reserved for blacks and was arrested
Separate But Equal
Doctrine designed to create equality between the races but never lived up to its expectations
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. An interest group representing the issues of racial equality, drawing most of its influence from litigation
