AP Gov Ch.2 Raquel Acosta

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

a key framer who enviousness a powerful central government, co-authored The Federalist Papers, and served a the first Secretary of the Treasury

Question 2

Anti-Federalist

Answer 2

those who favored a stronger national government and supported U.S. Constitution; later became the first U.S. political party

Question 3

Article I

Answer 3

creates the legislative branch of government

Question 4

Article II

Answer 4

creates the executive branch of government

Question 5

Article III

Answer 5

establishes a supreme court and defines its jurisdiction

Question 6

Article IV

Answer 6

mandates that states honor the laws and jurisdictional proceedings of other states

Question 7

Article V

Answer 7

specifies how amendments can be added to the constitution

Question 8

Article VI

Answer 8

contains the supremacy clause, which asserts the basics primary of the constitution an national law over state laws and constitutions

Question 9

Articles of confederation

Answer 9

the compact between the thirteen original colonies that created a loose league of friendship, with the national government drawing its power from that states

Question 10

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 10

a brilliant inventor and senior statesmen at the constitutional convention who urged unity as early as 1754, twenty-two years before the declaration of Independence

Question 11

Bill of rights

Answer 11

the 10 amendments to the U.S constitution, which largely guarantee specific rights and liberties

Question 12

checks and balances

Answer 12

a constitutionally mandated structure that gives each of the three branches of government some degrees of oversight and control over the actions of the others

Question 13

common sense

Answer 13

Written by Thomas Paine. Argument for an independent United States

Question 14

constitution

Answer 14

A nation’s basic law that divides governmental power and lists certain guarantees to citizens

Question 15

constitutional convention

Answer 15

in Philadelphia met between May and September of 1787 to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation

Question 16

Crispus Attucks

Answer 16

an American stevedore of African and Native American descent, widely regarded as the first person killed in the Boston massacre and thus the first American killed in the American Revolution

Question 17

Critical Period

Answer 17

a period during someone’s development in which a particular skill or characteristic is believed to be most readily acquired

Question 18

Declaration of Independence

Answer 18

defined as the formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain; the document adopted at the Second Continental Congress on July 4th, 1776

Question 19

electoral college

Answer 19

comprised of party delegates with the job of casting their vote for the candidate of the party they represent in the national election

Question 20

enumerated powers

Answer 20

Listed in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution; granted powers under the Constitution

Question 21

federalism

Answer 21

Organization of government by which it is split into multiple levels, having authority over the same people

Question 22

federalist

Answer 22

First and only elected president was John Adams in 1797

Question 23

The federalist papers

Answer 23

A series of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in the late 1780s to persuade the voters of New York to adopt the Constitution

Question 24

First continental congress

Answer 24

An assembly of delegates from the thirteen colonies; It governed during the Revolutionary War and under the Articles of Confederation.

Question 25

french and Indian war

Answer 25

A series of military engagements between Britain and France in North America between 1754 and 1763; The French and Indian War was the American phase of the Seven Years’ War, which was then underway in Europe

Question 26

full faith and credit clause

Answer 26

All states recognize documents and court decisions of other states (exception: gay marriage)

Question 27

George Washington

Answer 27

First President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution

Question 28

great compromise

Answer 28

combined the best attributes of the Virginia and New Jersey plans. The House of Representatives was established based upon population which made the big states happy and the Senate was established by giving all states 2 Senators which made the small states happy

Question 29

implied powers

Answer 29

Powers deemed “necessary and proper” by the Elastic Clause

Question 30

inherent powers

Answer 30

powers that Congress and the president need in order to get the job done right. Although not specified in the Constitution, they are reasonable powers that are a logical part of the powers delegated to Congress and the president

Question 31

James Madison

Answer 31

an American statesman and Founding Father who served as the fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817. He is hailed as the “Father of the Constitution” for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights

Question 32

john jay

Answer 32

an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, negotiator and signatory of the Treaty of Paris of 1783, second Governor of New York, and the first Chief Justice of the United States

Question 33

Lexington and concord

Answer 33

The first battle of the Revolutionary War, fought in Massachusetts on April 19, 1775; British troops had moved from Boston toward Lexington and Concord to seize the colonists’ military supplies and arrest revolutionaries

Question 34

mercantilism

Answer 34

the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism

Question 35

Montesquieu

Answer 35

French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers

Question 36

necessary and proper clause

Answer 36

A section of the United States Constitution that enables Congress to make the laws required for the exercise of its other powers established by the Constitution

Question 37

New Jersey Plan

Answer 37

a proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787;Plan that would give states equal representation in the legislature.

Question 38

New world

Answer 38

The New World is one of the names used for the majority of Earth’s Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas.

Question 39

political world

Answer 39

An overall set of values widely shared within a society

Question 40

Samuel Adams

Answer 40

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence

Question 41

Second Continental congress

Answer 41

a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting in the spring of 1775 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It succeeded the First Continental Congress, which met in Philadelphia between September 5, 1774, and October 26, 1774

Question 42

separation of power

Answer 42

a model for the governance of a state. Under this model, a state’s government is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches

Question 43

shay´s rebellion

Answer 43

Started by Daniel Shays, Revolution War veterans began revolting at court houses in response to the preference of creditors in government

Question 44

social contract theory

Answer 44

Agreement between people to cooperate with one another to reap social benefits.

Question 45

sons and daughters of liberty

Answer 45

signifies the formal women Patriot association that was formed in 1765 to protest the Stamp Act and later the Townshend Acts, as well as a general term for women who identified themselves as fighting for liberty during the American Revolution

Question 46

stamp act congress

Answer 46

meeting of representatives of 9 of the 13 colonies held in NYC in 1765, during which representatives drafted a document to send to the king listing how their rights have been violated

Question 47

supremacy clause

Answer 47

Article Six of the Constitution which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties the supreme law of the land

Question 48

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 48

an American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809

Question 49

Three- Fifths Compromise

Answer 49

Originally in Article I of the Constitutions, made it so in determining representation in the House, each slave counts as 3/5 of a person

Question 50

Virginia plan

Answer 50

Plan that would determine representation in the legislature by population.

Question 51

Thomas Paine

Answer 51

American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist’s fight for independence and supported the French Revolution; The American Crisis Paine published The American Crisis pamphlet series to inspire the Americans in their battles against the British army. He juxtaposed the conflict between the good American devoted to civic virtue and the selfish provincial man.