Ap Bio Labs Flashcards
having one copy of a disease gene that doesn’t give you the disease, but a resistance to a harmful disease
heterozygote advantage
from high to low water potential
water potential gradient
spinach disks floated when exposed to:
Co2 and water
Ideal gas law
PV= nRT
which peas consume more oxygen
germinating peas
purple gram stain
gram positive (THICK layer of peptidoglycan)
pink gram stain
gram negative (THIN layer of peptidoglycan)
one ancestor and SOME of the decendants
polyphyletic
what was a sign of cross over
spores that were not 4 black then 4 white
(a mix of black and white) were recombinant
the uptake of foreign DNA into the genome from the surrounding environment
transformation
using plasmids to move DNA from one cell to another
transformation
role of sulfuric acid in the enzyme lab
denatures the enzyme’s active site because of the low pH
calculate rf value
distance traveled by component/ (divided by) distance traveled by the solvent
can environmental factors alter gene expression?
YES this is what the lac operon is! having lactose in the environment induces it
rf value cannot be greater than
1 (bc the solute would have traveled further than the solvent)
this travels the furthers on a chromatogram
solvent front
Crossing over occurs in
ONLY prophase I in meiosis
two chromosomes come together and align themselves lengthwise
synapsis
synapsis occurs in
Meiosis I
fossil record contains the best evidence for
macroevolution
earliest prokaryotic fossils are found in this type of rock
enzyme that seals the ends of the cut DNA sequences
DNA ligase
find out fossil age because parent isotopes decay into daughter isotopes
radioactive dating
DNA migrates from
negative to positive
role of buffer solution in gel electrophoresis
allows DNA to move because it conducts electricity
finches developing into different species fast on an island
adaptive radiation
fast increase in the number of species with a COMMON ancestor
adaptive radiation
higher leaf surface area=
more stomata, more transpiration
hydrogen peroxide decomposes into
H2 and 02
why would the enzyme activity taper off and slow down
the amount of substrate that the enzyme is using to catalyze the reaction is pretty much gone
behavioral, physiological, and genetic changes limit the population
it levels off at carrying capacity
intrinsic rate of increase
results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations
evolution
perfect reducing conditions in earths atmosphere make organic molecules
OR meteorite brought dust clouds that formed amino acids
origin of life on earth
movement in a direction that is a response to a stimulus in ANIMALS
taxis
movement that is NOT in a direction ex: speeding up or slowing down
kinesis
move which way its faced without moving its location in PLANTS ex: sunflower
tropism
only decedents in a group with NO common ancestor
paraphyletic
