AOS2 Consequences of Revolution Stats Flashcards
When did the Sovnarkom officials, finally get access to money from the state bank?
20th November 1917
When was the Cheka created?
7th December 1917
How many staff did the Cheka start with?
initially 23 staff
when was the assasination attempt on Lenin?
January 1918
When was the land decree?
27th October 1917
When was the Press Decree passed?
27th October 1917
When were the workers guarenteed an 8 hour working day?
29th October 1917
When was the workers control decree passed?
14th November 1918
When was the decree promising the right to national self determination passed (or the independene of ethnic minorities) ?
2nd November 1917
When did finland declare their independence?
17 November 1917
When was the old duma and crime system replaced by the peoples courts?
24th November 1917
When was the Armstice with Germany signed?
December 1917
How many decrees were introduced?
(when the bolsheviks went into power)
116
When was the Supreme Council of the National Economy (Vesenkha) created?
2nd December 1917
For every factory nationalised by the govt. how many more were overtaken without permission?
For every one factory nationalised by govt. 4 more were overtaken without permission.
How many grams of bread were Petrograd citizens living off during the challenges of ‘state capitalism’?
50g per day.
When were elections for the C.A. initially proposed and where were they pushed back to?
Initially = 17th September
Pushed back = 12th November
1917
When did voting for the C.A. start?
12th November
When was the C.A. meant to open?
5th January 1918
How many votes + seats did the SRs get?
17.5 million votes + 370 seats
How many votes + seats did the Bolsheviks get?
9.8 million votes + 175 seats
How many votes + seats did the Left SRs get?
2.9 million votes + 40 seats
How many votes + seats did the Kadets get?
2 million votes + 17 seats
When was the Decree on Political Parties banning all non-socialist parties introduced?
28th November
When did the Left SRs join Sovnarkom?
12th December
When was Martial law declared in Petrograd + Sovnarkom issued ban on large public gatherings as well as pro-Bolshevik troops brought into the city?
5th Jan 1918
What time did the first session of the C.A. start?
4pm
What time did the Bolsheviks + left SRs stage a walkout of the C.A.?
2am
What time did the C.A. chairman (Chernov) close the C.A.?
5am the following day (6th Jan)
What time did the delegates discover the Tauride Palace to be locked and the declaration disbanding the C.A.?
5pm 6th January
When was the Decree on Peace introduced?
26th October 1917
When was the armistice?
25th December 1917
When did negotiations occur b/w Trotsky and the German High Command?
January - February 1918
When did German workers go on strike?
Late January 1918
How many German workers went on strike?
400,000
When did the Germans present the Bolsheviks with the ultimatum to accept peace terms?
Early February
When did German troops enter Russia and how many were there?
18th February
700,000 troops
When did the Soviet govt. move the capital to Moscow?
12th March 1918
When did kerensky rouse support from Krasnov’s crossaks?
End of October 1917
When did the bolsheviks take control of moscow?
they had to fight till the 2nd of december
When did the Red guards and Krondstant sailors defeat Krasnov’s forces?
30th October 1917
When did General Alekseev recruit a volunteer army?
early dec 1917
When was the decree; of Officers + on the organisation of Authority in Army + the decree on the Equalisation of Rights of all serving in the army passed?
16th december 1917
When was trotsky put in charge as the Commisar for war?
23rd feb 1918
how many former tsarist officers were recruted for the workers and pesants red army?
50,000
When did trotsky reinstate conscription? (how many ppl were willing to fight before he did this)
29th May 1918 due to only 360,000 men volunteering to fight
how many ppl had deserted the army by 1921?
estimated 4 million
How many troops did the red army have by the end of 1920?
5 million troops
how many soldiers were in the Czech legion
40,000
from what date onwards did the czech legion start battling local military forces?
22nd may 1918 onwards
when was the komunch founded?
(what does it stand for?)
stands for: committee of Members of the constituent assembly
8th of june 1918
when was the city of Kazan captured by the peoples army? + how far is it from moscow
August 1918
800km from moscow
how many people were led by General Denkin in the white army?
150,000 ppl
how close did the Denkin troops get to Moscow?
came within 300k of moscow (nov 1919)
when was Denkins army defeated?
early 1920
how long did komuch last? who overthrew it
8 weeks
Admiral Kolchak took over (war minister)
when was kolchak executed?
killed by bols feb 1920
how many ppl were the north-western army?
14,400 at its peak
when was the north-western army formed?
estonia 1918
When did the north-western army reach the suberbs of petrograd?
november 1919
When did the japanese land on the Vladivostok in the far east?
April 1918
What years did the Green forces led by Anarchist Nestor Makhno have control of Tambov (the se of Ukraine)?
& what year could the Bolsheviks finally go there?
1919-1920
no go area for bols till mid 1921
When did a newly independent Poland invade Ukraine?
April 1920
When was the Treaty of Riga signed?
March 1921
How many gold roubles did Russia have to pay in to Poland following the Treaty of Riga?
30 million
What population did the Soviets control in central European Russia?
70 million
What population did the Whites control?
8-10 million
From when and what number of Red guards did Trotsky transform into a professional army?
1918: 500,000 disorganised Red Guards
1920: 5 million in a professional army
How far apart were the Kolchak and Denikin offensives on Moscow?
5 months
When did the Cheka increase in staff and to what number?
Mid-March 1918 the Cheka increased to 1000 staff
When did Fanya Kaplan attempt to assassinate Lenin?
August 1918
When was the decree ‘On Red Terror’ passed?
5th September 1918
How many suspected counter-revolutionaries were arrested and how many did Zinoviev order to be executed?
1000s middle & upper class were arrested
Immediate execution of 500 ‘bourgeois’ hostages
How many counter-revolutionaries were executed during the Red Terror?
250000 killed or executed
2 million indirect deaths
When did Lenin decree the Hanging Order?
8th August 1918
How many people were killed after Lenin’s Hanging Order?
100 peasant dissidents
When was The Tsar and his family killed?
17th July 1918
How long did it take to kill the Tsars family and how many shots were fired?
exercutions took 20 mins and they were shot at over 70 times and bayonetted
During the Red terror, how many deserters were arrested in 1919 and 1920 respectively?
500,000 desseters in 1919
800,000 in 1920
When was the Tambov Rebellion?
1920-1921
How many peasant rebels and their families were imprisoned or deported during the Tambov Rebellion?
And how many were executed?
100,000 imprisoned or deported
15,000 exercuted
The red terror
What was the date that: in the city of Astrakhan were strkers, and the red army soldiers who joined them loaded into barges and then thrown into the Volga with stones around their necks
Between 12 and 14 March 1919
During the red terror in the City of Astrakhan, how many people were shot or drowned, and how many bourgeoise were killed?
b/w 2000 to 4000 were shot or drowned
600 to 1000 bourgeoisie were killed
What date did the Cheka storm the Putilov factor?
16 March 1919
When the Cheka stormed the Putilov factory, how many workers were arrested and exercuted without trial?
Executed = 200
arrested = 900
During the White terror, how many Jews were killed
b/w 50-200,000 Jews
White terror:
When was the Zionviev- Resolution on ‘current movement’ put into place?
17th December 1918
When were the bread rations in Petrograd at 50g/day?
February 1918
In January 1917 what was the proletariat in Petrograd?
3.6 million
In January 1919 what was the proletariat in Petrograd?
1.4 million
When were centralised economic policies introduced? (Prelude to W.C.)
Summer 1918
When was the Decree on Nationalisation
28th June 1918
By November 1920 what factories had been nationalised?
over 10 workers employed or over 5 workers with powered machinery
When were the bourgeois mobilised for compulsory labour service?
October 1918
When was private trade made illegal?
21st November 1918
Between when did the bagmen supply city-dwellers with what % of their bread?
Between 1918-1918 bagmen supplied city-dwellers with 60% of their bread
When was the class-based food rationing system introduced?
July 1918
When was the Committees of the Poor created?
11th June 1918
When was the Committees of the Poor abandoned?
December 1918
When did requisitioning squads start taking grain?
January 1919
Between when and by what % did the amount of land under cultivation drop?
Between 1917-1921 land under cultivation dropped by 40%
Between when and by what % did the harvest yields drop?
Between 1917-1921 harvest yields dropped 37%
How many houses were destroyed b/w 1919-20 for fuel?
3000 wooden houses in Petrograd
How much did the 1920 wages buy compared to 1914 wages?
2% of what 1914 wages bought
How many people did Pravda admit were starving in 1920?
1 in 5 Russians
Shift in demographics in 1920
Petrograd = 70% pop decrease
Moscow = 50% pop decrease
Decrease in working population b/w 1917 and 1920
From 2.6 million to 1.2 million
Industrial output b/w 1917 and 1920
13% of pre-war levels
Steel output b/w 1917 and 1920
4% of pre-war levels
Iron ore levels b/w 1917 and 1920
1.5% of pre-war levels
Copper production levels
had ceased entirely
Average rainfall in Samara and actual rainfall
Average in may was 38.8mm but in 1920 was only 0.3mm
What precent of crop producing areas experiences total crop failure
20%
How many ppl were affected by the famine
Above 20 million esp. in Ukraine + Volga region
How many predicted deaths due to disease or starvation were there?
at least 5 million deaths
How many lives did American Relief Administration and Britains Save the children fund in Russia save?
Estimate 14 million
How many people were the ARA feeding in Russia per day in the summer of 1922
10 million
When was Prodrazverstka applies with even greater severity in response to peasant unrest?
mid-1920s onwards
How many decrees were introduced in the first year of Sovnarkom and of those how many passed through the CEC for consideration?
480 Sovnarkom decrees
68 were considered by CEC
When did Sverdlov die?
March 1919
When was it clear that the Bolsheviks had won the Civil War?
End of 1920
When were workers becoming cold, hungry and unemployed, leading to ^ frustration?
Winter 1921
How many separate cases of strikes directly against the government occured in Petrograd late February 1921?
118 separate cases
1000s of workers going on strike
When did the Kronstadt Sailers send a delegation to Petrograd?
1921
When was an emergency meeting held on the Petropavlosk & Sevastopol?
28th February 1921
When and how sailers rallied in Kronstadt’s Anchor Square?
1st March 1921
1000s of sailers
When was the Provisional Revolutionary Committee formed (Kronstadt)?
2nd March 1921
When and how many soldiers did Trotsky send to Kronstadt?
7th March 1921
50,000 Red Army
How many Kronstadt Sailers put up a strong defense at the Revolt?
16000
How many Red Army casualties were there in the Kronstadt Revolt?
700 dead
2500 wounded
How many 10th Party delegates went with the RA to Kronstadt?
300 delegates
What were the overall losses of the Kronstadt Revolt?
10,000 RA soldiers
5,000 KS
Cheka executed 2300 sailers
6459 KS send to labour camps/prison
When did lenin reverse the policies of war communism at the 10th party congress?
8th March 1921
what year was state capitalism?
1918
By what years had the production output of most industies increased/ stabilised by
(under NEP)
1926/27
By what year were strikes steadily increasing, after the introduction of the NEP?
1922
What was the average wage for urban workers in 1920 compared to 1926?
in roubles/ week
1920 = 7.1 roubles per week
1926 = 35 roubles per week
what was the grain harvest in (millions of tons) in 1921 compared to 1926?
1921= 46.1 million tones
1926= 76.8 million tones
what was the electricity (million kWh) from 1921 compared to 1926?
1921= 530 kWh
1926= 3508 kWh
after recovering from the famine grain production rose to levels simlar to the harvests of what year?
1909-1913
by what year was the rural sector outproducing the manufactoring sector?
mid 1920s
what year was the scissors crisis obvious by?
1923
how many market holders which sold commodities were forcibly closed down in 1923-24?
250,000
by what time was the scissor crisis resolving?
August 1924
what percentage of the Russian population was able to read and write?
25-30%
When was the decree on the elimination of illiteracy? (Likbez)
26th December 1919
When literary training was compulsory, what were the ages this applied to?
8 to 50
What was the ratio of fighting to learning the Red army implemented?
2 days learning
7 days fighting
Throught the 1920’s how many reading rooms were implemented?
16,000 established in provincial touns accross the soviet republic
When was the decree on Marriage?
December 1917
When was the formation of the Womens rights program? (Zhenotdel)
1919
Who was the leader of the womens rights programe?
Initially headed by Armand but from 1920 onwards = Kollontai
When did the state comission for electrification take place? (GOLERO)
1920
How many roubles were invested into the electrification program
1 billion roubles
When did lenin die?
21st Jan 1924
When did Stalin become general secritary of the party?
April 1922
When did opposition from the greens become subded?
August 1921
When was russia in the silver age of literacy and artistic experimentation?
1920’s
Upon the theaters popularity, how many spectators/ participants/ orchestra- did one preformance held in 1920 have?
100,000 spectators
8000 participants
500 piece orchestra
When was the cheka replaced by the GPU?
Feb 1922
When did the GPU change to the Cheka
July 1923
What was the staff-to-kills ratio of the Okhrana compared to the Cheka?
Okhrana = 15,000 staff
14,000 killed in the last 50 years of tsarist rule
Cheka= 100,000 staff + 160,000 frontier troops
up to 140,000 killed, plus another 140,000 during rebellions
When was the first Soviet criminal code?
June 1922
When was the first show trial? + how many social revolutionaries were brought to trial?
Between June and August 1922
34 SR’s
How many Menshiviks were arrested following the 10th party congress, and in what year?
1921: about 2000 Mens arrested + many fled overeas
When did lenin order the GPU to examine achademic + literary journals for bourgeois influence?
May 1922
By spetember 1922 how many interlectuals had been imprisioned?
1920
In 1922-23 when the Communists claimed that the church needed to provide funds for famine relief, and in the insuing bloody conflict what were the casualties?
1000s of arrests + deaths of aprox 7000 priests, monks and nuns
When was the 10th party congress?
8-16th march 1921
