Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What are some physiological effects of anxiety?

A
  • Fear
  • Breathlessness
  • Choking sensation
  • Palpations of the heart
  • Restlessness
  • Increased muscular tension
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2
Q

What part of the brain is associated with the flight or fight response associated with anxiety?

A

Amygdala

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3
Q

Describe the HPA axis and what effects it leads to

A

Hypothalamus → CRH → Pituitary → ACTH → Adrenal gland → Cortisol → regulates glucose; increases fat; immune system; stress response

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4
Q

What are some affects of high cortisol levels?

A
  • Raise blood pressure
  • Raise heart rate
  • Increase oxygen consumption
  • Interferes with connections between neurons (reduces learning and memory)
  • Disrupts immune response
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5
Q

Name some DSM-5 anxiety disorders (brought up in class)

A
  • Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
  • Panic disorder
  • Agoraphobia
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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6
Q

What are some Trauma- and Stressor- related disorders?

A
  • Reactive attachment disorder
  • Posttraumatic Stress disorder
  • Acute distress disorder
  • Adjustment disorders
  • Disinhibited Social engagement disorder
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7
Q

Whar are some of the symptoms of a panic attack?

A
  • Palpitations
  • Sweating
  • Trembling
  • Shortness of breath
  • Choking; Chest pain
  • Nausea; Dizziness
  • Unreality; Fear of loss of control; Fear of dying
  • Paresthesias
  • Hot or cold flashes
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8
Q

Give a brief description of the following…

  • PTSD:
  • GAD:
  • Social Phobia:
  • OCD:
A
  • PTSD: Thoughts and experiences of horrible event
  • GAD: Constant worry and physical symptoms
  • Social Phobia: Embarassment and humiliation in social situations
  • OCD: Excessive, repetitive thoughts and behaviors
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9
Q

Psychiatric disorders most commonly are normal mental processes and behaviors that have become ________

A

Exaggerated (disrupting homeostasis)

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10
Q

According to the DSM criteria for GAD, anxiety and worry must be associated with three (or more) of which 6 symptoms?

A
  • Restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
  • Being easily fatigued
  • Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
  • Irritability
  • Muscle tension
  • Sleep disturbance
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11
Q

What three categories of treatments are used in anxiety disorders?

A
  • Socialpsychobio model
    • Social treatments
    • Psychological treaments
    • Biological treatments
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12
Q

What drug causes immediate pharmacotherapeutic relief to anxiety? What class of drugs does it belong to?

A

Lorazapam

Class: Benzodiazipine

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13
Q

What psychological treatments are used in anxiety disorders?

A

Diaphragmatic breathing

Guided imagary

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