Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
What are some physiological effects of anxiety?
- Fear
- Breathlessness
- Choking sensation
- Palpations of the heart
- Restlessness
- Increased muscular tension
What part of the brain is associated with the flight or fight response associated with anxiety?
Amygdala
Describe the HPA axis and what effects it leads to
Hypothalamus → CRH → Pituitary → ACTH → Adrenal gland → Cortisol → regulates glucose; increases fat; immune system; stress response
What are some affects of high cortisol levels?
- Raise blood pressure
- Raise heart rate
- Increase oxygen consumption
- Interferes with connections between neurons (reduces learning and memory)
- Disrupts immune response
Name some DSM-5 anxiety disorders (brought up in class)
- Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
- Panic disorder
- Agoraphobia
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
What are some Trauma- and Stressor- related disorders?
- Reactive attachment disorder
- Posttraumatic Stress disorder
- Acute distress disorder
- Adjustment disorders
- Disinhibited Social engagement disorder
Whar are some of the symptoms of a panic attack?
- Palpitations
- Sweating
- Trembling
- Shortness of breath
- Choking; Chest pain
- Nausea; Dizziness
- Unreality; Fear of loss of control; Fear of dying
- Paresthesias
- Hot or cold flashes
Give a brief description of the following…
- PTSD:
- GAD:
- Social Phobia:
- OCD:
- PTSD: Thoughts and experiences of horrible event
- GAD: Constant worry and physical symptoms
- Social Phobia: Embarassment and humiliation in social situations
- OCD: Excessive, repetitive thoughts and behaviors
Psychiatric disorders most commonly are normal mental processes and behaviors that have become ________
Exaggerated (disrupting homeostasis)
According to the DSM criteria for GAD, anxiety and worry must be associated with three (or more) of which 6 symptoms?
- Restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
- Being easily fatigued
- Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
- Irritability
- Muscle tension
- Sleep disturbance
What three categories of treatments are used in anxiety disorders?
-
Socialpsychobio model
- Social treatments
- Psychological treaments
- Biological treatments
What drug causes immediate pharmacotherapeutic relief to anxiety? What class of drugs does it belong to?
Lorazapam
Class: Benzodiazipine
What psychological treatments are used in anxiety disorders?
Diaphragmatic breathing
Guided imagary
