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PHRM > ✅Antivirals > Flashcards

✅Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of docosanol (anti herpes)

A

Inihibits the fusion between HSV envelope and plasma membranes

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2
Q

HSV without this enzyme are resistant to acyclovir

A

Thymidine kinase

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3
Q

Ganciclovir is used mainly for

A

CMV infections

Can be used for HSV, VZV

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4
Q

MOA of ganciclovir

A

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase

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5
Q

2 drugs used for CMV retinitis and resistance with acyclovir or cmv

A

Cidofovir and foscarnet

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6
Q

Main SE of cidofovid and foscarnet

A

Nephrotoxicity

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7
Q

What drugs are used for thymidine kinase absent HSV?

A

Cidofovir or foscarnet

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8
Q

MOA of cidofovir

A

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase. Causing chain termination

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9
Q

MOA Of foscarnet

A

Inhibits viral rna polymerase, dna polymerase and HIV reverse transcriptase.

Binds to the pyroFOSphate binding site.

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10
Q

HAART stands for

A

Highly active antiretroviral therapy

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11
Q

HAART entails the use of how many drugs?

A

3 or more drugs

If possible before sx appear

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12
Q

Usual composition of HAART

A

2 NRTIs and 1 protease inhibitor

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13
Q

Receptors on cells for HIV attachment and specific drug that inhibits this step

A

CCR5

Maraviroc

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14
Q

Fusion inhibitor drug for HIV

A

EnFUvirtide

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15
Q

MOA of Enfuvirtide

A

Binds to the gp41 subunit of the viral envelope glycoprotein inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes

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16
Q

All proetase inhibitors of HIV ends in

A

-navir

Ex. Indinavir, lopinavir

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17
Q

SE of HIV protease inhibitors (INDINAVIR)

A

Hyperlipidemia

Fat redistribution

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18
Q

Which protease inhibitor has a side effect of peripheral neuropathy?

A

Atazanavir

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19
Q

Which protease inhibitor has a side effect of rash?

A

Amprenavir

20
Q

Aside from hyperlipdemia, what is another notable side effect of indinavir?

A

Hyperbilirubinemia and nephrolithiasis

21
Q

Only integrase inhibitor of HIV

A

Raltegravir

22
Q

NNRTIs

A

Never Ever Deliver Nucleosides

Nevirapine
Efavirenz
Etravirine
Delavirdine

23
Q

SE of delavirdine and nevirapine

A

Rash, increased LFTs

24
Q

Known teratogenic among the NNRTIs

A

Efavirenz

25
Q

NNRTi that is both a cyp inducer and inhibitor

A

Etravirine

26
Q

MOA of NNRTIs vs NRTIs

A

Both inhibit reverse transcriptase

NNRTI - no phosphorylation required

NRTI- inhibits after phosphorylation

27
Q

Main SE of NRTIs

A

Lactic acidosis with hepatic steatosis

28
Q

What NRTI causes bone marrow suppression

A

Zidovudine

29
Q

What NRTI is known to cause hypersensitivity

A

Abacavir

30
Q

Known NRTI to cause pancreatitis

A

Didanosine

31
Q

NRTIs that cause peripheral neuropathy

A

Stavudine, zalcitabine

32
Q

MOA of amantidine

A

Inhibits early replication and uncoating by binding to M2 proton channels

33
Q

Use of amantadine

A

Influenza A only

34
Q

Use of oseltamivir

A

Influenza A and B

35
Q

Notable side effects of amantadine

A

GI irritation, dizziness, cerebellar dysfxn (ataxia and dysarthria)
LIVEDO RETICULARIS

36
Q

Amantadine is used in treating what neurolgic disease

A

Parkinsons

37
Q

MOA of oseltamivir/zanamavir

A

Inhibits NEURAMINIDASE decreasing release of progeny virus

38
Q

SE of oseltamivir

A

GI effects

39
Q

SE of zanamavir

A

Bronchospasm in asthmatics

40
Q

Which anti hep B drug is also used in HIV?

A

Lamivudine (NRTI)

41
Q

Coinfection of Hep B and HIV might cause _____ with Lamivudine use

A

Pancreatitis

42
Q

MOA of acyclovir

A

Activated by viral thymidine kinase to forms that inhibit viral DNA polymerase

43
Q

MOA of interferon

A

Degrades viral RNA via activation of host cell RNAse (ribonuclease)

44
Q

Contraindications of interferon use

A

Autoimmune disease, pregnancy, arrythmias

45
Q

MOA of ribavarin

A

Inhibits guanosine triphosphate formation. Prevents capping of viral mRNA. Blocks RNA dependent RNA polymerases.

46
Q

Early IV administration of ribavirin decreases mortality in _______

A

Viral hemorrhagic fevers

47
Q

Uses of ribavirin

A

HCV, RSV

PHRM (14 decks)

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