✅Antivirals

Question 1

MOA of docosanol (anti herpes)

Answer 1

Inihibits the fusion between HSV envelope and plasma membranes

Question 2

HSV without this enzyme are resistant to acyclovir

Answer 2

Thymidine kinase

Question 3

Ganciclovir is used mainly for

Answer 3

CMV infections

Can be used for HSV, VZV

Question 4

MOA of ganciclovir

Answer 4

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase

Question 5

2 drugs used for CMV retinitis and resistance with acyclovir or cmv

Answer 5

Cidofovir and foscarnet

Question 6

Main SE of cidofovid and foscarnet

Answer 6

Nephrotoxicity

Question 7

What drugs are used for thymidine kinase absent HSV?

Answer 7

Cidofovir or foscarnet

Question 8

MOA of cidofovir

Answer 8

Inhibits viral DNA polymerase. Causing chain termination

Question 9

MOA Of foscarnet

Answer 9

Inhibits viral rna polymerase, dna polymerase and HIV reverse transcriptase.

Binds to the pyroFOSphate binding site.

Question 10

HAART stands for

Answer 10

Highly active antiretroviral therapy

Question 11

HAART entails the use of how many drugs?

Answer 11

3 or more drugs

If possible before sx appear

Question 12

Usual composition of HAART

Answer 12

2 NRTIs and 1 protease inhibitor

Question 13

Receptors on cells for HIV attachment and specific drug that inhibits this step

Answer 13

CCR5

Maraviroc

Question 14

Fusion inhibitor drug for HIV

Answer 14

EnFUvirtide

Question 15

MOA of Enfuvirtide

Answer 15

Binds to the gp41 subunit of the viral envelope glycoprotein inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes

Question 16

All proetase inhibitors of HIV ends in

Answer 16

-navir

Ex. Indinavir, lopinavir

Question 17

SE of HIV protease inhibitors (INDINAVIR)

Answer 17

Hyperlipidemia

Fat redistribution

Question 18

Which protease inhibitor has a side effect of peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 18

Atazanavir

Question 19

Which protease inhibitor has a side effect of rash?

Answer 19

Amprenavir

Question 20

Aside from hyperlipdemia, what is another notable side effect of indinavir?

Answer 20

Hyperbilirubinemia and nephrolithiasis

Question 21

Only integrase inhibitor of HIV

Answer 21

Raltegravir

Question 22

NNRTIs

Answer 22

Never Ever Deliver Nucleosides

Nevirapine
Efavirenz
Etravirine
Delavirdine

Question 23

SE of delavirdine and nevirapine

Answer 23

Rash, increased LFTs

Question 24

Known teratogenic among the NNRTIs

Answer 24

Efavirenz

Question 25

NNRTi that is both a cyp inducer and inhibitor

Answer 25

Etravirine

Question 26

MOA of NNRTIs vs NRTIs

Answer 26

Both inhibit reverse transcriptase NNRTI - no phosphorylation required NRTI- inhibits after phosphorylation

Question 27

Main SE of NRTIs

Answer 27

Lactic acidosis with hepatic steatosis

Question 28

What NRTI causes bone marrow suppression

Answer 28

Zidovudine

Question 29

What NRTI is known to cause hypersensitivity

Answer 29

Abacavir

Question 30

Known NRTI to cause pancreatitis

Answer 30

Didanosine

Question 31

NRTIs that cause peripheral neuropathy

Answer 31

Stavudine, zalcitabine

Question 32

MOA of amantidine

Answer 32

Inhibits early replication and uncoating by binding to M2 proton channels

Question 33

Use of amantadine

Answer 33

Influenza A only

Question 34

Use of oseltamivir

Answer 34

Influenza A and B

Question 35

Notable side effects of amantadine

Answer 35

GI irritation, dizziness, cerebellar dysfxn (ataxia and dysarthria) LIVEDO RETICULARIS

Question 36

Amantadine is used in treating what neurolgic disease

Answer 36

Parkinsons

Question 37

MOA of oseltamivir/zanamavir

Answer 37

Inhibits NEURAMINIDASE decreasing release of progeny virus

Question 38

SE of oseltamivir

Answer 38

GI effects

Question 39

SE of zanamavir

Answer 39

Bronchospasm in asthmatics

Question 40

Which anti hep B drug is also used in HIV?

Answer 40

Lamivudine (NRTI)

Question 41

Coinfection of Hep B and HIV might cause _____ with Lamivudine use

Answer 41

Pancreatitis

Question 42

MOA of acyclovir

Answer 42

Activated by viral thymidine kinase to forms that inhibit viral DNA polymerase

Question 43

MOA of interferon

Answer 43

Degrades viral RNA via activation of host cell RNAse (ribonuclease)

Question 44

Contraindications of interferon use

Answer 44

Autoimmune disease, pregnancy, arrythmias

Question 45

MOA of ribavarin

Answer 45

Inhibits guanosine triphosphate formation. Prevents capping of viral mRNA. Blocks RNA dependent RNA polymerases.

Question 46

Early IV administration of ribavirin decreases mortality in _______

Answer 46

Viral hemorrhagic fevers

Question 47

Uses of ribavirin

Answer 47

HCV, RSV