✅Antibiotics - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Question 1

Mnemonic for Protein Synthesis Inhibitors and ribosomal subunit involved

Answer 1

Buy AT 30 CELLS at 50

Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin (Macrolides)
Lincosamides (Clindamycin)
Linezolid
Streptogramins

Question 2

Broad spectrum protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 2

Chloramphenicol

Tetracyclines

Question 3

Moderate spectrum protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 3

Macrolides

Ketolides

Question 4

Narrow spectrum protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 4

Linosamides
Streptogramins
Linezolid

Question 5

MOA of chloramphenicol

Answer 5

Inhibits transpeptidation at 50S subunit

Question 6

Notable side effects of chloramphenicol

Answer 6

GI disturbances, Aplastic anemia, Gray baby syndrome

Question 7

What is the pathogenesis of gray baby syndrome?

Answer 7

Dec RBC, cyanosis, and cardiovascular collapse due to neonates being deficient in hepatic glucoronosyltransferase

Very sensitive to chloramphenicol

Question 8

MOA of tetracyclines

Answer 8

Binds at 30s

TeTracycline - blocks aTTachment of T-RNA to acceptor site

Question 9

Broadest spectrum tetracycline

Answer 9

Tigecycline

Question 10

Do not drink tetracycline with ____ because of decreased absorption

Answer 10

Milk

Question 11

Notable SE of tetracyclines

Answer 11

GI distrbance, teratogen (tooth enamel dysplasia/discoloration) Hepatotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Photosensitivity, Vestibulotoxicity

Question 12

All macrolides inhibit CYP450 except

Answer 12

Azithromycin

Question 13

What is used during macrolide resistance?

Answer 13

Telithromycin

Question 14

Of all macrolides, ___ has the higest Vd and slowest elimination

Answer 14

Azithromycin

Question 15

SE of macrolides

Answer 15

GI disturbance, cholestatic hepatitis, QT prolongation

Question 16

Lincosamide

Answer 16

Clindamycin

Question 17

antibiotic mainly used in anaerobic infection

Answer 17

Clindamycin (lincosamides)

Question 18

Notable SE of Clindamycin

Answer 18

Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 19

______ for anaerobic infections ABOVE the diaphragm

______ for anaerobic infections BELOW the diaphragm

Answer 19

Clindamycin

Metronidazole

Question 20

Drug class of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

Answer 20

Streptogramin

Question 21

Main Use of Strptogramin and Linezolid

Answer 21

For drug resistant gram positive cocci (MRSA, VRSA, VRE)

Question 22

Main SE of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

Answer 22

Injection site reactions

Arthralgia-Myalgia syndrome

Question 23

Main SE of linezolid

Answer 23

Thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, serotonin syndrome, neuropathy, optic neuritis

Question 24

What effect is described?

Killing action of antibiotic continues when their plasma levels have declined below measurable levels.

Answer 24

Post-antibiotic effect

Question 25

Post-antibiotic effect is seen in which drug class?

Answer 25

Aminoglycosides

Question 26

Aminoglycosides can be administered orally. T or F.

Answer 26

FALSE. They are not absorbed after oral administration. Only IM or IV.

Question 27

What aminoglycoside has the narrowest therapeutic window?

Answer 27

Amikacin

Question 28

Aminoglycosides are good for anaerobes. T or F

Answer 28

FALSE. Aminoglycosides need O2 for transport and won't work under anaerobic conditions.

Question 29

Specific MOA of aminoglycoside

Answer 29

Binds to 30s subunit Prevents formation of initiation complex and promotes misreading of the code on mRNA

Question 30

____ is often resistant to many enzymes that inactivate other aminoglycosides

Answer 30

Amikacin

Question 31

Resistance to Streptomycin develops due to ________

Answer 31

changes in the ribosomal binding site

Question 32

Main SE of aminoglycosides | Which one are reversible and irreversible

Answer 32

NOT Nephrotox (reversible) Ototox (irreversible) Teratogen

Question 33

Most vestibulotoxic aminoglycosides

Answer 33

Gentamycin | Tobramycin

Question 34

Most ototoxic aminoglycosides

Answer 34

Amikacin | Kanamycin

Question 35

Most nephrotoxic aminoglycosides

Answer 35

Gentamycin | Tobramycin

Question 36

Teratogenic effect of streptomycin

Answer 36

Congenital deafness

Question 37

Aside from TB, Streptomycin is also used for

Answer 37

Bubonic plague, Tularemia, Brucellosis

Question 38

Aminoglycoside used for bowel prep in elective surgery

Answer 38

Neomycin

Question 39

Aminoglycoside used for visceral leishmaniasis

Answer 39

Paromomycin

Question 40

What do you use to reverse neuromuscular blockade in aminoglycosides?

Answer 40

calcium gluconate and neostigmine

Question 41

Aminoglycoside used in drug ressistant gonorrhoea or penicillin allergic patients with gonorrhea

Answer 41

Spectinomycin

Question 42

Aminoglycosides notorious for skin reactions

Answer 42

Neomycin and Streptomycin