Antivirals Flashcards
Aciclovir
DNA polymerase inhibitor
- incorporated into viral DNA -> acts as termination signal
Amantadine
- inhibits viral protein M2 - ion channel needed for viral particle to become βuncoatedβ once it is taken inside the cell by endocytosis
also used as antiparkinson agent
Amprenavir
protease inhibitor
- inhibits HIV-1 protease
- leads to formation of immature non-infectious viral particles
suffix: -navir
Zidovudine
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
thymidine analogue
prevents chain elongation β chain termination
suffix: -vudine
Long-term use of protease inhibitors can cause
lipodystrophy (wasting of peripheral fat, accumulation of central fat, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance
Zanamivir
Neuraminidase inhibitors
- prevents virus leaving host cell + infecting other cells
Remedesivir
inhibits RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Vidarabine
adenosine analogue
inhibits viral DNA polymerase
acts as chain terminator
Foscarnet
mimics pyrophosphate + inactivates DNA polymerase
Hydroxycarbamide
inactivates ribonucleotide reductase reduces production of deoxyribonucleotides β inhibits DNA synthesis
Maraviroc
CCR5 antagonist blocks gp120 from interacting w CCR5 on CD4+ cell
Enfuvirtide
blocks gp41 from fusing w cell membranes
Bicetagravir
blocks viral integrase prevents incorporation of proviral HIV DNA into host cell genome