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Pharmacology 💊 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Can cross BBB so useful for treatment of bacterial Meningitis

A

Cephalosporins e.g. Cefuroxime

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2
Q

2 major classes of antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis

A

Beta lactams and Glycopeptides

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3
Q

MOA of glycopetides

A

bind cell wall subunits + physically block new linkages

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4
Q

Glycopeptides are only active against…

A

Gr+ bacteria as can’t penetrate outer membrane of Gr- bacteria

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5
Q

4 main types of beta lactams:

A

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

Carbapenamens

Monobactams

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6
Q

Cephalosporins are highly active against…

A

Gr- bacilli and Gr- cocci

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7
Q

Vancomycin

A

Glycopeptide

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8
Q

Bind 30s ribosomal subunit and inhibit translation

A

Tetracyclines AND Aminoglycosides

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9
Q

Chloramphenicol MOA

A

binds 50s ribosomal subunit inhibit protein synthesis

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10
Q

Erythromycin (Macrolide)

A

binds 50s ribosomal subunit inhibit protein synthesis

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11
Q

Oxazolidonones

A

binds 50s ribosomal subunit + inhibit protein synthesis

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12
Q

Puromycin MOA

A

mimics tRNA, blocks translation by releasing elongating polypeptide chain from tRNA

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13
Q

Fusidic acid

A

inhibits translocation of elongation factor-G, prevents polypeptide elongation and hence protein synthesis

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14
Q

Toposoimerase II

A

= DNA gyrase

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15
Q

Ciprofloxacin is a

A

Quinolone

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16
Q

Rifamycins MOA

A

inhibit DNA dependent RNA polymerase -> inhibits mRNA synthesis

17
Q

Mainly used to treat mycobacterial infections due to antibiotic resistance

A

Rifamycins

18
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Competitively inhibit dihydrofolate synthetase, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis + bacterial cell growth

19
Q

Polymixins

A
  • act like detergent on membrane

- alter + disrupt bacterial cell membrane permeability

20
Q

Gram + bacteria have innate resistance to this antibiotic due to Incl2 plasmid

A

Polymixins

21
Q

Modes of antibiotic resistance

A
  • Modify antibiotic target
  • Enzymatic inactivation of the antibiotic
  • Limit antibiotic access - increased efflux
  • Bypass pathway

Pharmacology 💊 (13 decks)

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