Antiviral therapy and HIV Flashcards
Once daily valacyclovir in HSV-2 positive patients
reduces transmission by 50%
Which type of viruses mutate more frequently?
RNA more than DNA viruses
For HSV1 and HSV2, or VZV what do you give
Acyclovir (valacyclovir)
Penciclovir (famciclovir)
For CMV infections can give
Valganciclovir –> ganciclovir
An example of a nucleotide analogue
Cidofovir
Both acyclovir and Ganciclovir need to be
phosphorylated into an active form by thymidine kinases
Mechanism of action of nucleoside analogues is
- chain termination - no 3’OH to continue replication
2. compete with other nucleotides
mutated DNA polymerases OR mutated thymidine kinases will cause
viral resistance
HSV can cause
encephalitis
keratitis
- give IV acyclovir
to inhibit VZV shingles!! replication in a normal host give
HIGH dose valacyclovir or famciclovir
if you have an immunocompromised host or corneal involvement give
Acyclovir IV
If CMV infected in patients with cell-mediated retinitis treat with
IV ganciclovir
or
PO valganciclovir
CMV infection can case
giant esophageal ulcers
How do you treat Kaposi’s sarcoma in HIV patients
NOT with antiviral
treat with anti retroviral
Which protein does influenza need to uncoat
M2 protein (action of amantidine)
