Antiseizure Drugs Flashcards
Name the water-soluble prodrug form of phenytoin used parenterally.
Fosphenytoin
Valproic acid inhibits the metabolism of which drugs?
- Carbamazepine
- Ethosuximide
- Phenytoin
- Phenobarbital
- Lamotrigine
Which drugs are eliminated by the kidney largely in uncharged form?
- Gabapentin
- Pregabalin
- Levetiracetam
- Vigabatrin
What are the of mechanisms of action for anti seizure drugs?
- Sodium channel blockers
- GABA related targets
- Glutamate synapse
- Calcium channel blockers
Which drugs are used for tonic-clonic seizures?
- Valproic acid
- Carbamazepine
- Pheytoin
- Phenobarbital
- Lamotrigine, levetiracetam, lacosamide, topiramate
Name drugs used for focal (partial) seizures
- Carbamazepine
- Lamotrigine
- Phenytoin
- Phenobarbital
- Valproic acid
- Others
Drugs for absence seizures
- Ethosuximide
- Valproic acid
- Clonazepam
- Others
Drugs used for myoglobin and atypical absence syndrome
- Valproic acid
- Others
Drugs used for status epilepticus
- IV diazepam or lorazepam (short term)
- IV Phenytoin (long term)
- Fesophytoin
- Phenobarbital
Other uses of anti seizure drugs?
- Bipolar disorder
- Migraine
- Pain of Neuropathic origin
- Trigeminal neuroglia
What are the risks of taking anticonvulsants during pregnancy?
- Congenital malformations
- Neuronal tube defects
- Spina bifida
- Cranofacial anomalies
- Fetal hydantoin syndrome
What are the toxicities of anti seizure drugs?
- Teratogenicity
- CNS and respiratory depression
- Withdrawal
- Hepatic toxicity
- Steven Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis
- Aplastic Anemia
- Skin rashes
- Hypertrophy of gingiva
Withdrawal from which anti seizure drug is easiest?
Ethosuximide
Which anti seizure drug causes behavioural changes?
- Ethosuximide
- Perampanel
Which anti seizure drug causes aplastic anemia ?
Felbamate