Alcohols

Question 1

What is the pharmacokinetics elimination order for ethanol?

Answer 1

Zero order kinetics

Question 2

What is the primary isoform of cytochrome P450 induced by ethanol?

Answer 2

2E1

Question 3

When ethanol is oxidized what compound is formed?

Answer 3

Acetaldehyde

Question 4

Acetate is formed by metabolism of acetaldehyde by which enzyme?

Answer 4

Aldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 5

Methanol is metabolized to which compounds and what are its toxicities

Answer 5

Formaldehyde and Formic acid
Severe Acidosis, retinal damage and blindness

Question 6

Ethylene glycol is metabolized to which compound and what is its toxicity?

Answer 6

Oxalic acid
Severe acidosis and renal damage

Question 7

Which drugs are used to cure methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?

Answer 7

1. Ethanol
2. Fomepizole

Question 8

How does fomepizole work?

Answer 8

Inhibits the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 9

Which drug used in chronic alcoholism causes rash?

Answer 9

Acamprosate

Question 10

Which drug is used to prevent wernicke korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 10

Vitamin B1 or thiamine

Question 11

Which drugs can be used for alcohol withdrawal?

Answer 11

1. Benzodiazepines
2. Thiamine
3. Long acting barbiturates

Question 12

Name the drugs used to treat chronic alcoholism

Answer 12

1. Naltrexone
2. Acamprosate
3. Disulfiram

Question 13

Opioid antagonist is used for what? Which drug?

Answer 13

Chronic alcoholism.
Naltrexone

Question 14

What are the consequences of drinking during pregnancy?

Answer 14

Fetus will have caniofacial dymorphia, mental retardation, microcephaly and growth deficiencies.