Antipsychotics Flashcards
Classify antipsychotic drugs
- Phenothiazines
- Thioxanthenes
- Butyrophenones
- Atypical antipsychotics
- Others
What is the mechanism of action of antipsychotics
- Conventional antipsychotics block D2 receptors in the limbic system in meso critical areas
- Atypical antipsychotics block 5HT2 Receptors in the mesolimbic system
What are the actions of chlorpromazine in the CNS
- Reduces agitation and aggressiveness
- reduces spontaneous movements
- suppresses hallucinations and delusions
- relieves anxiety
- corrects disturbed thought and behaviour
- does not affect intelligence but impairs vigilance
How does chlorpromazine affect the endocrine system
Blocks dopamine receptors which are prolactin inhibitory factor.
What are the adverse effects of antipsychotics
- Parkinsonism
- acute dystonias
- Akathisia
- neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- tardive dyskinesia
- muscarinic, Alpha-1 and H1 receptor blocking
- weight gain
- Endocrine
- hypersensitivity
How do you cure drug induced parkinsonism from antipsychotics
Central acting anti-cholinergics
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by antipsychotic can be cured by which drug
IV dantrolene
Which Antipsychotic drugs cause weight gain
Clozapine and olanzapine
Which drug is a reserve a drug for antipsychotics
Clozapine
Which antipsychotic drugs cause QT prolongation
Quetiapine
Amisulpiride
What is the other name of adverse effects of chloropromazine
Extra Pyramidal symptoms
What are the side effects of clozapine
- Sedation
- salivation
- seizures
- weight gain
- hypotension
- agranulocytosis
What are the side effects of olanzapine
- Dry mouth
- constipation
- weight gain
- rarely EPS
Which drug is used if there is resistant cases of schizophrenia
Clozapine
Which drug is useful for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with migraine or emesis to the anti-cancer drugs
Prochlorperazine
Which drugs treat hiccoughs
chlorpromazine
What are other therapeutic uses of antipsychotics
- Schizophrenia
- mania (can be used in bipolar disorder)
- an anti-emetic
- intractable hiccough
Name phenothiazines
- chlorpromazine
- Triflupromazine
- Trifluperazine
- Thioridazine
- Fluphenazine
Name thioxanthene drugs
Thiothixene
Name butyrophenone drugs
- Haloperidol
- Trufluperidol
Name atypical antipsychotics
- Resperidone
- Clozipine
- Olanzapine
- zotepine
- aripiprazole
- ziprasidone
- Amisulpiride
- Quetuapine
- Zotepine
Name other drugs used as an antipsychotic agent
- Loxapine
- Pimozide
Which drugs can elevate lithium levels in the blood
- Loop diuretics
- NSAIDs
- angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)
- Thiazides
- dehydration (condition)
Which drugs increase renal clearance of lithium
Caffeine
Theophylline
What other drugs can be used for bipolar disorder
- Anti-convulsions
- antipsychotics
- Benzodiazepines
- Valporic acid
What are the adverse effects of lithium
- Tremor, sedation, ataxia, aphasia
- thyroid enlargement
- Edema
- acneiform skin
- leucocytosis
- nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Which drug may cause congenital cardiac anomalies if taken in pregnancy
Lithium
Which type of phenothiazine Causes the toxic effect of retinal pigmentation
Thioridazine
Which drug may cause ocular disfunction
Thioridazine
What are the toxic effects of thioridazine
- Ocular dysfunction
- Conduction defects in the heart and can cause fatal ventricular arrhythmias
